Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com Reverse osmosis (RO) membranes are commonly used for sea water desalination to produce fresh water. These membranes are usually prepared using interfacial polymerization. Hydrophobic diamine and water-soluble chloride salt precursor are reacted to form a thin polyamide (PA) separation layer on a porous support [1]. The PA cross-linking density has a...

Water desalination is an important approach to provide fresh water around the world, although its high energy consumption, and thus high cost, call for new, efficient technology. Here, we demonstrate the novel concept of a "desalination battery", which operates by performing cycles in reverse on our previously reported mixing entropy battery. Rather than generating electricity from salinity dif...

Osmosis is a physical phenomenon that has been extensively studied by scientists in various disciplines of science and engineering. Early researchers studied the mechanism of osmosis through natural materials, and from the 1960s, special attention has been given to osmosis through synthetic materials. Following the progress in membrane science in the last few decades, especially for reverse osm...

The game-theoretic view of control system design for multi-loop systems is extended in this work to ensure a closed-loop system with robust stability. The control system design is modeled as a differential cooperative game to incorporate interactions between the multiple loops of the control system. A robust stability indicator is formulated as an additional cost function. The developed approac...

We have previously reported the use of hydrogel particles as the draw agent for forward osmosis desalination. In the present work, the effects of draw agent, feed concentration and membrane on the process performance were systematically examined. Our results showed that the incorporation of carbon filler particles in polymer hydrogels led to enhanced swelling ratios of the draw agents and thus ...

Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com Reverse osmosis (RO) membranes are commonly used for sea water desalination to produce fresh water. These membranes are usually prepared using interfacial polymerization. Hydrophobic diamine and water-soluble chloride salt precursor are reacted to form a thin polyamide (PA) separation layer on a porous support [1]. The PA cross-linking density has a...

Scientific domain: %scientific_domain Subject short description: Water shortage and decline of the quality of fresh water resources make sea water desalination become a major way for drinking water production. Reverse Osmosis (RO) is now the main technology used for seawater desalination, but it shows a limited recovery and the environmental impact of large volumes of rejected brines is still a...

Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com Reverse osmosis (RO) membranes are commonly used for sea water desalination to produce fresh water. These membranes are usually prepared using interfacial polymerization. Hydrophobic diamine and water-soluble chloride salt precursor are reacted to form a thin polyamide (PA) separation layer on a porous support [1]. The PA cross-linking density has a...