Background: The occurrence of depressive disorders in adolescence is of high individual and social importance because of their prevalence and persistence into adulthood and their co-morbidity with other psychological disorders and psychosocial problems. International researchers have recognized the seriousness of depressive disorders in adolescence and thus have been involved in the development...

In part 1 of this review, published last month, literature exploring the psychological bereavement theories and the health consequences of bereavement are summarized . The second part builds on this to outline the debate surrounding the characteristics of abnormal bereavement, while also focusing on risk factors for this morbidity. This leads on to a summary of the literature on bereavement car...

Poisoning is the fifth leading cause of unintentional injuries among young children. Agents most commonly ingested by young children include medicines, cleaning substances, hydrocarbons, pesticides and cosmetics. Children with less educated fathers, living in more crowded conditions and from lower income families are more predisposed to unintentional poisoning. Unsafe storage of medicines, chem...

Cytochromes are located in many different tissues of the human body. They are found in abundance on the intestinal and hepatic tissues in human and other living organisms. CYPs enzymes are metabolizing a large variety of xenobiotic substances. Activities of cytochromes P450 enzymes are influenced by a variety of factors, such as genus, environment, disease state, herbicides, alcohol consumption...

Hepatitis D has been shown to be reducing in frequency in the Western countries commensurate with HBV decline while recent reports from Pakistan are indicating a rising frequency. This review describes the management and prevention of this often overlooked cause of hepatitis.

In contrast to the spatial Bell’s inequalities which probe entanglement between spatially separated systems, the Leggett–Garg inequalities test the correlations of a single system measured at different times. Violation of a genuine Leggett–Garg test implies either the absence of a realistic description of the system or the impossibility of measuring the system without disturbing it. Quantum mec...

Brian Breed (hereafter BB) invokes a wide range of scholarly voices, among them mine, with a freshness & energetic involvement that put me in mind of first coming to the Book of Bucolics myself more than forty years ago, remind me too that only provocative new turns will keep this age-old colloquy alive. BB enunciates a distinctive strategy & theoretical view. He emphasizes & interrogates the r...

The intense controversies that surrounded the youth of punctuated equilibrium have helped it mature to a useful extension of evolutionary theory. As a complement to phyletic gradualism, its most important implications remain the recognition of stasis as a meaningful and predominant pattern within the history of species, and in the recasting of macroevolution as the differential success of certa...

This article reports upon the emergence of a novel cognitive, computer-based technology which may lead to significantly improved methods of cardiological diagnosis and a rapid and inexpensive method of cardiological screening. The technology ‘Virtual Scanning’ illustrates how, in blood, the reaction of proteins and their reactive substrates releases light; that the colour and intensity of this ...

Restorative materials [filling, denture and implant materials] are designed to replicate the shape and function of natural teeth. Development in materials science, biotechnology, nanotechnology, robotics and biomechanics has dramatically improved the way we look at the replacement of components of human teeth. Restorative biomaterials are the foundation for the replacement of hard tissue and it...