The responses of microorganisms (viruses, bacterial cells, bacterial and fungal spores, and lichens) to selected factors of space (microgravity, galactic cosmic radiation, solar UV radiation, and space vacuum) were determined in space and laboratory simulation experiments. In general, microorganisms tend to thrive in the space flight environment in terms of enhanced growth parameters and a demo...

Synchronous regional rockfall events triggered by large earthquakes in the Southern Alps of New Zealand were used to evaluate and improve the lichenometry method for surface-exposure dating. Digital calipers were used to measure the maximum diameter of the largest lichen on many rockfall blocks, using a fixed-area largest-lichen (FALL) sampling strategy. Regional significance of FALL peaks can ...

Synchronous regional rockfall events triggered by large earthquakes in the Southern Alps of New Zealand were used to evaluate and improve the lichenometry method for surface-exposure dating. Digital calipers were used to measure the maximum diameter of the largest lichen on many rockfall blocks, using a fixed-area largest-lichen (FALL) sampling strategy. Regional significance of FALL peaks can ...

Forty-four new lichen species and one lichenicolous fungus have been identified as a result of studies the biota Franz Josef Land archipelago. Bryocaulon hyperboreum was reported for first time from Russia. Gyalecta hypoleuca Umbilicaria maculata were in Arctic. Arctocetraria andrejevii, Brodoa oroarctica, Candelariella borealis, Cercidospora stereocaulorum, Massalongia carnosa, Miriquidica nig...

Between 1850 and 1950, hundreds of lecideoid lichen-forming fungi were described from Fennoscandia, mainly in the genus Lecidea. The status many these species is still uncertain some have not been revised since their description. We examined types nomenclature nine such taxa, found that they represent synonyms earlier species: Bacidia dolera (= Lecidea albofuscescens), aviaria Rhizocarpon richa...