Levy and Arditti (1973) introduced depreciable assets into the Modigliani and Miller (1958) model, and analyzed the implications for the cost of capital. Assuming that the firm reinvests indefinitely to maintain a constant expected cash flow, they found that depreciation increases the cost of capital before and after tax. Most of their assumptions are maintained. However, commitment to perpetua...

In this paper, we introduced the concepts of roughness and fuzziness in ordered ternary semigroups. We proved that the lower and upper approximation of an ordered ternary subsemigroup (resp. left ideal, right ideal, lateral ideal, bi-ideal, interior ideal) in an ordered ternary semigroup is an ordered ternary subsemigroup (resp. left ideal, right ideal, lateral ideal, bi-ideal, interior ideal)....

Medicine is a vocation of perpetual independent learning; long-term success is critically dependent on finding the right resources and establishing effective study methods and test-taking strategies. Students who struggle with the academic transition in medical school have common risk factors and characteristics. We highlight key resources that are available for struggling medical students with...

Our aim in this paper is to introduce and study a new sort of fuzzy ternary subsemigroup (left ideal, right ideal, lateral ideal, quasi-ideal, bi-ideal) of a ternary semigroup, called interval-valued (α,β )-fuzzy ternary subsemigroup (left ideal, right ideal, lateral ideal, quasi-ideal, bi-ideal). We also characterize regular ternary semigroups in terms of these interval-valued fuzzy ideals.