With the development of urban underground space and increased infrastructure functions, both scale engineering construction difficulties have globally. In structures in soft strata, especially coastal areas, limited bearing capacity foundations poses a significant challenge. The composite pile technologies employing an organic combination rigid andthe flexible column can enable efficient ground...

OBJECTIVE Vertebral column resection (VCR) is a surgical technique that may be applied for correction of moderate to severe spinal deformities, including those with large rigid curves, fixed trunk translation, or asymmetry between the length of the convex and concave column of the deformity. This article reviews the VCR technique as it relates to correction of rigid spinal deformity, including ...

By enhancing the applicatıon of grounds for establishment and due to the lack of appropriate sites, engineers attempt to seek out a new method to reduce the weakness of soils. İn aspect of economic situation, various ways have been used to decrease the weak grounds. Because of the rapid development of infrastructural facilities, spreading the construction operation is an obligation. Furthermore...

OBJECTIVES In this study, we aimed to analyze the ureter stones that had been treated using rigid ureteroscopy and pneumatic lithotripsy without mechanically dilating the ureteral orifice. PATIENTS AND METHODS Records of 110 patients who had undergone rigid ureteroscopy and pneumatic lithotripsy due to ureteral stone between February 2005 and May 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. The locati...

30 cases of obstructing proximal ureteral stones at the level of L3-L5 which could not be pushed back into the pelvis and passed by a guide wire under epidural anesthesia, were removed percutaneously with the rigid ureteroscope. Multiple stones in one ureter, bilateral ureteral stones and a ureteral stone of a solitary kidney were removed successfully in one session showing the reliability...

One of the important issues in the study of steel frames is to find a suitable formulation for semi-rigid connections. In this paper, the explicit stiffness matrix for a two-dimensional beam-column element having end-flexibilities is derived. The effects of the lateral uniformly distributed load on the deflection are considered. Both tensile and compressive axial loads are also taken into accou...

Plentiful studies are reported on the semi-rigid behavior of joints between open section H shaped beam and column, but researches focusing on the semi-rigid performance of joints between square/rectangular hollow section (SHS/RHS) column-to-H shaped beam is to lag a lot. Most studies shows that when the SHS/RHS column connecting the H beam without internal diaphragm, the joints behavior is semi...

Results of an experimental investigation of the seismic performance of prefabricated column-footing connections are presented. Tests were conducted on six 1/4-scale prefabricated column specimens inserted into prefabricated footings in two Groups. Group-1 consisted of four specimens, which were tested under constant axial load and cyclic inelastic lateral displacements. The remaining two specim...

some considerable damage to steel structures during the hyogo-ken nanbu earthquake occurred. among them, many exposed-type column bases failed in several consistent patterns, such as brittle base plate fracture, excessive bolt elongation, unexpected early bolt failure, and inferior construction work, etc. the lessons from these phenomena led to the need for improved understanding of column base...

BACKGROUND this study represents a case series to evaluate how successful is the rigid percutaneous nephroscopy as a tool for clearance of all stones in various locations in horseshoe kidneys. METHODS Between 2005 and 2009, we carried out PCNL (percutaneous nephrolithotomy) for calculi in horseshoe kidneys in 21 renal units (17 patients) in our department. The indications were large stone bur...