Twelve ruminally cannulated Holstein calves (age, 12 ± 3 weeks) were used to identify the effect of a probiotic comprised of Lactobacillus plantarum, Enterococcus faecium and Clostridium butyricum on ruminal components. The calves were adapted to a diet containing a 50% high-concentrate (standard diet) for 1 week, and then, the probiotic was given once daily for 5 days (day 1-5) at 1.5 or 3.0 g...

A technique was used to monitor continuously ruminal pH using a strip-chart recording pH meter. Ruminal pH measurements were made in four ruminal-cannulated crossbred wether lambs (ag initial weight, 42.5 kg). For l.5 h daily, lambs were given ad libitum access to 50% concentrate-50% chopped orchardgrass hay diets supplements with 0, l.5, 3.0 and 4.5% sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). A split-plot L...

Abstract Direct fed microbials (DFM) dietary mixture effects on beef cattle ruminal variables, intake, and apparent total tract digestibility were evaluated. Six ruminally cannulated steers (BW = 520 ± 30 kg) used in a duplicated 3 × Latin square design offered steam-flaked corn-based finishing diet ad libitum for three 28-d periods (21-d adaptation 7-d collection). Treatments assigned were: 1)...

The purpose of this study was to examine the stability and host specificity of a cow's ruminal bacterial community following massive challenge with ruminal microflora from another cow. In each of 2 experiments, 1 pair of cows was selected on the basis of differences in ruminal bacterial community composition (BCC), determined by automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (ARISA), a culture-...

We aimed to compare the measurements of sheep ruminal pH using a continuous telemetry system or a bench pH meter using sheep with different degrees of ruminal pH. Ruminal lactic acidosis was induced in nine adult crossbred Santa Ines sheep by the administration of 15 g of sucrose per kg/BW. Samples of rumen fluid were collected at the baseline, before the induction of acidosis (T 0) and at six,...

Cattle feedlot diets often include ethanol coproducts that provide excess dietary sulfate, which is reduced to sulfide by ruminal bacteria and can be converted to hydrogen sulfide, which has been correlated to S toxicity. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of feeding varying concentrations of NDF from chopped cornstalks (CS) or chopped bromegrass hay (BH) on ruminal pH, rum...

Effects of a bacterial probiotic (BP) on ruminal fermentation and plasma metabolites were evaluated in four Holstein cattle (body weight, 645 ± 62 kg; mean ± SD) with induced subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA). SARA was induced by feeding a SARA-inducing diet, and thereafter, 20, 50 or 100 g per head of a commercial BP was administered for 7 consecutive days during the morning feeding. Cattle wit...

Experiments were conducted to determine the effects of supplementing chopped ryegrass hay with 0, 5, 10, or 20% fat coated with ruminal bypass protein (Prolip on ruminal digestion by cows and nutrient digestibility by sheep. Ruminal disappearances of DM, ADF, and NDF were measured by the in sacco technique using a cannulated cow. Degradation of DM, ADF, and NDF was not affected by protected fat...

Blood and ruminal samples were analyzed from gestating cows fed apple pomace or corn silage plus isonitrogenous and isocaloric quantities of cottonseed meal or nonprotein nitrogen containing supplements in four trials. Data were also obtained from steers fed similar diets during a metabolism trial. The supplementary sources of nitrogen supplied 50 to 70% of the total nitrogen in the diet. Feedi...