Although both animal and human studies reveal significant contributions of genetics to smoking addiction, many human studies were underpowered or biased by potential confounding variables, and animal genetic studies are challenged by limited genetic variations and lack of convincing phenotypes. To address these concerns, we used non-sibling outbred CD-1 mice to evaluate individual differences i...

BACKGROUND It was observed in the early 1970s that saccharin produced bladder cancer in rats. However, it has been unclear whether sodium saccharin when consumed by humans poses a substantial carcinogenic hazard. Numerous epidemiologic studies have not shown any evidence of increased urothelial proliferation associated with ingestion of sodium saccharin. PURPOSE Our purpose was to determine t...

The present experiment examined the neuronal networks involved in the latent inhibition of conditioned disgust by measuring brain oxidative metabolism. Rats were given nonreinforced intraoral (IO) exposure to saccharin (exposed groups) or water (non-exposed groups) followed by a conditioning trial in which the animals received an infusion of saccharin paired (or unpaired) with LiCl. On testing,...

Background This study was carried out to compare mucociliary function (MCF) of nasal cavity before and after septorhinoplasty surgery by saccharin test. Materials and Methods This study was carried out on 70 patients who needed septorhinoplasty surgery in Kashani and Alzahra Hospital during 2013-2014 to measure MCF. Saccharin test was performed on the patients before surgery and on three more...

Cues that have been paired with food evoke dopamine in nucleus accumbens (NAc) and drive approach behavior. This cue-evoked dopamine signaling could contribute to overconsumption of food. One manner in which individuals try to restrict caloric intake is through the consumption of foods containing artificial (non-nutritive) sweeteners. We were interested in whether cues paired with a non-nutriti...

Saccharin is a powerfully sweet nonnutritive sweetener that has been approved for food-processing applications within the range of 100-1200 mg/kg. A simple, rapid, and cost-effective sequential injection analysis (SIA) technique was developed to determine the saccharin level. This method is based on the reaction of saccharin with p-chloranil in an ethanol medium with a hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) ...

BACKGROUND Saccharin is an artificial non-caloric sweetener that used to sweeten products such as drinks, candies, medicines, and toothpaste, but our bodies cannot metabolize it. Sodium saccharin is considered as an important factor in tumor promotion in male rats but not in humans. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of saccharin consumption on sperm parameter...

The postingestive effect is different between caloric and noncaloric sweeteners. The gut administration of glucose induces a preference for flavored water which is paired with the intragastric infusion of glucose. However, a comparison of the brain response to the gut glucose and saccharin stimuli still remains to be demonstrated. Here, using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we investigat...

1. The effect of chronic saccharin (benzosulphimide) consumption on glucose homeostasis was examined in normal lean +/+ mice and genetically obese hyperglycaemic insulin-resistant ob/ob mice. 2. Consumption of a 5% (w/v) sodium saccharin solution for 7 weeks prevented the development of hyperglycaemia, improved glucose tolerance (area under curve decreased by 51%), reduced the extent of hyperin...

The Fate of the Saccharin Impurities Toluene-2-Sulphonamide and 2,3-Dihydrobenz( d]isothiazole 1,l-Dioxide in the Rat ANDREW G. R E W I C K * and LOUISE M. BALL? *Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton SO9 3 TU, U.K., and ?Pharmacology Branch, N.I.E.H.S., Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, U.S.A. The non-nutritive sweetener, saccharin (2,3-dihydro-3-oxobenz[d]isothiazole 1,l...