Alabama has a long history of providing a modest safety net for low-income families and children, supplying more limited income support than almost any other state. The state’s policies toward lowincome families have been closely linked to federal policy, with little state funding beyond that required to draw down available federal funds. Since the first round of site visits, a large influx of ...

The welfare reform legislation of 1996 transformed many welfare benefits into a temporary safety net available to recipients who made a demonstrated effort to work. The new approach, however, raised concern that the “hard-to-employ” — especially parents with low rates of steady employment, and higher-thanaverage levels of barriers to employment — would be less likely to successfully achieve eco...

During transition, maintaining employment and providing a social safety net to the unemployed are important to social stability, which in turn is crucial for the productivity of the whole economy. Because independent institutions for social safety are lacking and firms with strong profit incentives have little incentives to promote social stability due to its public good nature, state-owned ent...

Decision-making on animal welfare issues requires a synthesis of information. For the assessment of farm animal welfare based on scientific information collected in a database, a methodology called 'semantic modelling' has been developed. To date, however, this methodology has not been generally applied. Recently, a qualitative Risk Assessment approach has been published by the European Food Sa...

background: one of the necessities of industrial societies is the application of developed measures/strategies for the prevention of occupational incidents in industrial companies. the present study was conducted with the aim of determining the role of the safety management system on safety culture of an oil and gas exploration and production company. materials and methods: this study was condu...

The fifth Welfare and Safety of the Racehorse Summit was held 8–9 July 2014 in Lexington, Kentucky. Like previous summits, it was underwritten by the Jockey Club and Grayson-Jockey Club Research Foundation and hosted by the Keeneland Association. This summit has evolved from an identification of problems to being a good example of what the combination of data collection and analysis can accompl...

The assessment of risk is a critical part of child welfare agency practice. This review of the research literature on different instruments for assessing risk and safety in child welfare focuses on instrument reliability, validity, outcomes, and use with children and families of color. The findings suggest that the current actuarial instruments have stronger predictive validity than consensus-b...

A mong the strategies that are critical for increasing the safety, permanency, and well-being of children and families involved with child welfare is tailoring services to unique needs by building upon strengths. As child welfare agency administrators and policy-makers continually strive to improve services and outcomes for children and families, establishing child welfare policies and practice...