BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Epidural approach angle is one of the determining factors for needle traveling length to reach the epidural space. Likewise, the margin of safety against accidental dural puncture should be affected by epidural approach angle because the space available for epidural needle tip movement in the epidural space is depending on the inserting angle to the epidural space. The...

The purpose of this study was to compare two different styles of prostate IGRT: bony landmark (BL) setup vs. fiducial markers (FM) setup. Twenty-nine prostate patients were treated with daily BL setup and 30 patients with daily FM setup. Delivered dose distribution was reconstructed on cone-beam CT (CBCT) acquired once a week immediately after the alignment. Target dose coverage was evaluated b...

The purpose of this study was to determine the application CVP analysis as a means planning expected profit in future. method used is descriptive with case approach. This uses data form financial information consisting income and expenses, both fixed costs variable costs. results carried out showed that contribution margin for 2020 IDR193,898,400 ratio 69%. break-even point IDR 37,147,900. sale...

When asked to state the safety of a particular design, highway engineers are at a loss to give a single meaningful measure, as is possible in structural or geotechnical engineering. The question of a meaningful road safety design measure led to a method to estimate the margin of safety and safety index for isolated highway components. The method uses the basic highway alignment design equations...

AIM To assess target volume coverage during prostate image-guided radiotherapy based on bony anatomy alignment and to assess possibility of safety margin reduction. BACKGROUND Implementation of IGRT should influence safety margins. Utilization of cone-beam CT provides current 3D anatomic information directly in irradiation position. Such information enables reconstruction of the actual dose d...

Coordination of water movement among plant organs is important for understanding plant water use strategies. The hydraulic segmentation hypothesis (HSH) proposes that hydraulic conductance in shorter lived, 'expendable' organs such as leaves and longer lived, more 'expensive' organs such as stems may be decoupled, with resistance in leaves acting as a bottleneck or 'safety valve'. We tested the...

Microneedles, before being used for biomedical applications, have to satisfy biological and technical specifications, in particular they must guarantee a sufficient strength during exercise. Although studies on the mechanical characterization on single microneedles are reported in literature, microneedles must be arranged in matrices to be used in real biomedical applications. For these reasons...