Expected from theory and simulations, depletion of ions at fuzzy biomembrane interfaces has long eluded experiments. Here, we show how salt exclusion can be accurately measured by surprisingly simple yet accurate benchtop measurements. Multilamellar aggregates of common phospholipids sink in low salt but float in salt solutions that are much less dense than the lipid itself. By manipulating bat...

in the present work the recrystallization behavior of deep drawing grade al-killed low carbon steel sheets produced by mobarakeh steel plant (msp) has been studied. salt bath isothermal annealing has been applied to cold rolled samples and the resulted microstrucrures have been compared with the microstructure obtained from the box annealing process in msp. it is found that at 635 and 700ºc the...

chromate conversion coating is applied on aluminum 6061. the optimum conditions for chromate bath composition and immersion time are also obtained for standard requirements provision such as corrosion resistance in salt spray test, electrical resistance and coating quality. the applied coatings are electrochemically tested in sea and distilled water. according to tafel and cyclic polarization c...

Most rare earth elements (REEs) are critical materials of extreme prominence. Because their criticality, convalescence into metal from oxide (REO) and recycling end-of-life essential for the proficient use safeguard natural resources. With pyrometallurgical approaches using potential versus partial oxidation pressure (E-pO2-) diagrams, conditions making neodymium established by which REOs disso...

Garam mandi (Bath salt) berbentuk seperti scrub atau lulur yang biasanya digunakan pada saat mandi. Bath salt dibuat dengan bahan utamanya Epsom. ini memiliki warna putih cerah. belum banyak dikenal oleh masyarakat. Untuk dapat memperkenalkan produk baru maka perlu dilakukan analisis pasar terhadap tersebut diantaranya kemasan. Salah satu daya tarik konsumen adalah Tujuan penelitian yaitu mengi...