Sand production is considered as one of the significant issues that significantly reduce wellbore productivity. The process sand or solids in operations crucial operational inefficiencies can lead to wells collapsing. Besides, drilling mud might erupt through formation. Therefore, it essential properly determine what types are produced correctly predict efficient control mechanisms. This paper ...

The feeding success of sand flies (Diptera: Phlebotominae) is linked to the vast array of pharmacological substances in their saliva, which interferes with the host haemostasis and immune response. Modification of feeding site plays also an important role in Leishmania transmission. In naive hosts, co-inoculation of saliva and Leishmania parasites increases the chance of successful transmission...

The system for production of inoculum of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) using sand and vermiculite irrigated with nutrient solution is promising. However, organic amendments added to the substrate can stimulate sporulation of AMF and replace the nutrient solution. The aim of this study was to maximize the production of AMF (Acaulospora longula, Claroideoglomus etunicatum, Dentiscutata heter...

Sand dripping in 1 dimensional Sand Pile Model is rst studied. Patterns and signals appear. Their behaviors and interactions are explained and asymptotic approximations are made. The total collapsing time of a single stack of sand is linear in function of the number of grains.

Oil production may be accompanied by Sand Production (SP) in the weak sandstone reservoirs. Fluid flow is an important factor in transporting the separated grains and completing the SP mechanism. In this paper, the effect of fluid parameters, fluid flow, and fluid pressure on the SP is investigated by applying the Discrete Element Method (DEM). Parametric studies show that fluid velocity is red...

sod culture is one of the important methods in establishing and repairing of turf grass, especially in sport fields. nowadays, a mixture of sand and peat are commonly used in sod production in iran. because peat media is expensive, it seems necessary to find an alternative medium. rice hull, tea waste and leaf compost as economical organic material that are available in huge loads in north of i...