18 Local, shortto medium-term studies make clear that white-tailed deer can greatly suppress 19 tree growth and survival in palatable tree species. To assess how deer have broadly affected 20 patterns of tree recruitment across northern Wisconsin, we analyzed recruitment success in 11 21 common trees species that vary in palatability across 13,105 USFS FIA plots sampled 22 between 1983 and 2013...

This paper is aiming at designing a novel jujube transplanter with mechanic arms, which can support the sapling for a while when other operations is going on. It improves uniformity and stability. Pro-E software has been used for the design process, by which transplanting process has been analyzed and simulated.

The measurement of a plant growth without interrupting its natural growth is essential since its diameter and height are related to the development of a tree as well as the water contents. Therefore main objective of this project is to find the diameter and height of a plant. Hence in this proposed work, an interface between a C3008 smart camera and a computer has been developed. Main advantage...

Even though many forest plants spend all or a significant portion of their lives in the forest understory, few studies have compared understory composition, structure, and resource availability among forests. We used standardized transect-based methods to compare small sapling densities (10–50 cm tall), understory vegetation cover, canopy openness, and nutrient availability in non-gap portions ...