the genera fusicladium, pollaccia and spilocaea are anamorphs of venturia that after conservation of fusicladium against spilocaea, pollaccia, cycloconium and pseudocladosporium, it has been used instead of all anamorph names. during 2011 twigs, leaves and fruits of symptomatic hosts containing fusicladium species from guilan, mazandaran, qazvin and ardabil provinces were sampled and examined. ...

different species of streptomyces are common in most types of soil. some certain species are plant pathogenic especially on potato. this study was conducted to evaluate genetic diversity among some local streptomyces spp. strains isolated from soil and infected tubers in potato farms in northwest of iran. repetitive dna elements (box, eric and rep) as genetic markers were used for diversity stu...

The development of germplasm with resistance to common scab and cold-induced sweetening is a high priority for the potato ( L.) industry. A mapping population was developed from mating two individuals of a diploid family generated by crossing the susceptible cultivated potato clone US-W4 to the highly resistant wild relative ( Bitter) clone '524-8'. Progeny were evaluated in replicated field tr...

Polyethylene glycol-grafted polyethylenimine (PEG-g-PEI) which was functionalized with a neuroblastoma cell-specific ligand, the GD2 single chain antibody (scAb(GD2)), was synthesized in order to effectively deliver Bcl-2 siRNA into neuroblastoma cells. This polymer was complexed first with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (SPION) to get a MRI-visible targeted non-viral vector (scAb(GD...

Hamedan province is one of the main potato growing areas in Iran. Potaoto scab disease caused by Streptomyces spp. is one of the prevalent and important diseases of potato in this provice. Potato tubers with symptoms of scab diseases including raised and deep or shallow pitted lesion were collected from potato growing area in this region. A total of 20 and 25 strains of Streptomyces were isolat...

Benefits attributed to wound scabs include prevention of blood loss and protection against infection. However, when formation of a wound scab is prevented, the risk of infection is reduced. Moreover, in the absence of a wound scab, wounds heal faster and scar formation is reduced. The question arises why we develop a wound scab. Here we show that wound scabs inhibit transmission of ultraviolet ...

Sheep scab mites, Psoroptes ovis, collected from a Merino donor sheep, were used to infest Merino and Dorper sheep, and Angora and Boer goats. Mites were placed on the sheep on 1 or 2 occasions and on 5 occasions on the goats. All the animals were examined at regular intervals for the presence of scab lesions and living mites. Both sheep breeds developed lesions, but those on the Merino sheep w...

Two methods were developed for the generation of cisgenic apples. Both have been successfully applied producing trees. The first method avoids the use of any foreign selectable marker genes; only the gene-of-interest is integrated between the T-DNA border sequences. The second method makes use of recombinase-based marker excision. For the first method we used the MdMYB10 gene from a red-fleshed...