Log p =KU V, ogO Where Po Initial pressure P=Pressure after a change in intra-ocular volume A V K=a coefficient of ocular rigidity. Friedenwald stated that the value of K remained constant for individual eyes above a pressure of 5 mm. Hg. In a recent study (Perkins and Gloster, 1957), however, it has been found that for the rabbit eye this fundamental assumption is invalid, for K increased as t...

Changing the luminance of one side of the sclera induces an apparent shift of the perceived direction of gaze toward the darker side of the sclera (Ando, 2002 Perception 31 657-674). However, when both the sclera and the skin surrounding it were darkened simultaneously as if by a cast shadow, the apparent direction of gaze shifted less than when only the sclera was darkened. The results suggest...

Abstract Pigmentation patterns of the visible part eyeball, encompassing iris and portions sclera, have been discussed to be linked social cognition in primates. The cooperative eye hypothesis suggests white sclera humans a derived adaptive trait that enhances eye-mediated communication. Here, we provide comparative analysis ocular pigmentation 15 species hominoids (humans, great apes & gib...

The application of surface diathermy to the sclera, followed by ophthalmoscopic observation of the choroido-retinal reaction, is a time-honoured technique which may be used with shallow detachments; it fails with deep detachments, as no reaction can then be seen with the ophthalmoscope. Stallard (1958) advocated the focusing of a narrow beam of light from an ophthalmoscope on to the retinal hol...

The purpose of this study was to learn whether visual form deprivation, which produces myopia in the deprived eye, alters the scleral extracellular matrix in tree shrew, a mammal closely related to primates. Axial myopia was induced in 10 tree shrews by monocular deprivation imposed with a translucent diffuser. The other eye in each animal was an untreated control. After 21 days of deprivation ...

PURPOSE To evaluate porcine sclera as a model of human sclera for in vitro studies of transscleral drug delivery of both low and high molecular weight compounds. METHODS Human and porcine scleras were characterized for thickness and water content. The tissue surface was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the histology was studied with hematoxylin-eosin staining. Comparative p...

The vein structure in the sclera, the white and opaque outer protective covering of the eye, is anecdotally stable over time and unique to each person. As a result, it is well suited for use as a biometric for human identification. Sclera recognition poses several challenges: the vein structure moves and deforms with the movement of the eye and its surrounding tissues; images of sclera patterns...

Sclera from donor globes was eluted in phosphate-buffered saline at 4 degrees C for 24 hr. Hemolytic assays were used to measure functional C1, C4, C2, C3, C5 and C6 in scleral eluates. Radial immunodiffusion was used to measure Factor B, a component of the alternative complement pathway, and albumin in scleral eluates. Molecular weight appeared to be a factor in determining the hemolytic activ...

A 45-year-old man with primary systemic amyloidosis was found to have bilateral uveal effusions secondary to thickened sclera according to magnetic resonance imaging of the orbits. The patient was treated with bilateral sclerectomies and vortex vein decompression, and had an excellent outcome. Light microscopy of excised sclera revealed severe infiltration of the tissue by amyloid. To our knowl...