This paper proposes a normalization scheme for HMM-based text-dependent speaker veri®cation in which the claimed-speaker model score and the background model score are computed for a common alignment made on the speaker-independent model of the password. It is shown that such a normalization preserves some speaker-speci®c information contained in the alignment and makes the normalization score ...

This paper presents some experiments with feature and score normalization for text-independent speaker verification of cellular data. The speaker verification system is based on cepstral features and Gaussian mixture models with 1024 components. The following methods, which have been proposed for feature and score normalization, are reviewed and evaluated on cellular data: cepstral mean subtrac...

The purpose of this article is to provide an empirical comparison of rank-based normalization methods for standardized test scores. A series of Monte Carlo simulations were performed to compare the Blom, Tukey, Van der Waerden and Rankit approximations in terms of achieving the T score's specified mean and standard deviation and unit normal skewness and kurtosis. All four normalization methods ...

OBJECTIVE To describe the effect of liver disease (LD) on lactate clearance during early sepsis resuscitation. METHODS This is a multicenter randomized clinical trial. An initial lactate >2 mmol/L and subsequent serum lactate measurement within 6 hours were required for inclusion. LD was categorized by two methods: 1) past medical history (PMH) categorized as no LD, mild LD (no Child's score ...

Every person is unique. This uniqueness is not only prevalent in his/her biometric traits, but also in the way he/she interacts with a biometric device. A recent trend in tailoring a biometric system to each user (client) is by normalizing the match score for each claimed identity. This technique is called user(or client-) specific score normalization. This concept can naturally be extended to ...

Fusion different biometrics is an effective way to design a biometric system with robust performance. To do this, normalization functions are employed. However, these functions can not follow the distributions of scores from distinct classifiers. Consequently different normalization errors are introduced. In this paper, the scores from different classifiers are converted into the corresponding ...

A novel score normalization scheme for speaker verification is presented. The proposed technique is based on the widely used testnormalization method (Tnorm), which compensates test-dependent variability using a fixed cohort of impostors. The new procedure selects a speaker-dependent subset of impostor models from the fixed cohort using a distance-based criterion. Selection of the sub-cohort is...

This paper addresses the problem of biometric audiovisual person authentication in realistic acquisition conditions. Differences in environmental factors or acquisition devices between enrollment and test conditions modify the verification scores distribution and degrade verification performance if not taken into account. A theoretical framework that incorporates quality measures to biometric a...