Lin, G. and Sternberg, L. da S.L., 1992. Differences in morphology, carbon isotope ratios, and photosynthesis between scrub and fringe mangroves in Florida, USA. Aquat. Bot., 42: 303-313. All three mangrove species in Florid~ (USA), Rhizophora mangle L., Laguncularia racemosa Gaert. and Avicennia germinans (L.) L., are fc,nd frequently in scrub mangrove forests, in which individuals rarely exce...

A microtiter enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) has been developed for the titration of antibodies against scrub typhus in human and animal sera. Scrub typhus rickettsiae were grown in monolayers of irradiated mouse LM3 cells and separated from host cell materials by differential centrifugation, filtration through a glass filter (AP-20, Millipore Corp.), and isopycnic banding in Renograf...

INTRODUCTION Scrub typhus, a tropical febrile vector borne disease also known as "Tsutsugamushi disease", is caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, a gram negative obligate intracellular slow growing bacteria. The infection is transmitted by the bite of larval stage (chiggers) mites belonging to the family Trombiculidae. The disease is transmitted from larval stage mites to rats, where humans are an...

Scrub typhus occurs in almost all parts of India and is endemic1. Many researchers have reported the profile of scrub typhus from various parts of India with diagnosis based on IgM ELISA2-4. Eschar is pathognomonic for rickettsiosis including scrub typhus, but its presence has not been reported as a marker of disease severity. Kim et al5 found absence of eschar to have prognostic significance i...

Scrub typhus in Bhutan was first reported in 2009. We investigated an outbreak of scrub typhus in a remote primary school during August-October 2014. Delay in recognition and treatment resulted in 2 deaths from meningoencephalitis. Scrub typhus warrants urgent public health interventions in Bhutan.

Concomitant leptospirosis and scrub typhus is rare. The spectrum of clinical severity for both scrub typhus and leptospirosis ranges from mild to fatal. Acute pancreatitis and cholecystitis are infrequent complications in adult patients with either leptospirosis or scrub typhus. We report a case of leptospirosis and scrub typhus coinfection in a 41-year-old man presenting with acute acalculous ...

Scrub typhus is a rickettsial infection caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi that belongs to the family Rickettsiaceae and transmitted by some species of trombiculid mites "chiggers", particularly a Leptotrombidium deliense. A necrotic eschar at the inoculating site of the mite is pathognomic of Scrub typhus. Scrub typhus is a zoonosis and is a widespread disease in Asia and Pacific Islands. Fever ...

Renal failure caused by scrub typhus is known to be reversible. In most cases, renal function is almost fully restored after appropriate antibiotic treatment. A 71-year-old man was diagnosed with scrub typhus complicated by renal failure. A renal biopsy revealed histopathologic findings consistent with acute tubulointerstitial nephritis. Renal function did not improve 18 months after discharge ...

BACKGROUND Scrub typhus is a vector-borne zoonotic disease that can be life-threatening. There are no licensed vaccines, or vector control efforts in place. Despite increasing awareness in endemic regions, the public health burden and global distribution of scrub typhus remains poorly known. METHODS We systematically reviewed all literature from public health records, fever studies and report...

To the Editor: Scrub typhus, caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, is one of the most common infectious diseases of rural southern Asia, southeastern Asia, and the western Pacifi c. The disease is transmitted to humans by the bite of larvae of trombiculid mites harboring the pathogen. The disease often appears as a nonspecifi c febrile illness. The clinical picture of scrub typhus is typically asso...