Previously, we proposed a karst-like origin for much of Titan’s arctic lake district (e.g. [1]). Such terrain is typically highly permeable, facilitating subsurface flow and hydraulic adjustment of fluids. To test this model, we attempt to constrain the elevations of the polar terrain and lakes using multiple methods. In this paper we present the entire Arctic SARTopo [2] database (derived from...

Food fish farming is regarded as one of the most important sectors of the aquaculture industry. Salmon farming is a major contributor to the growth of the aquaculture sector. Climate change is predicted to have a complex impact on aquatic ecosystems, including fisheries and aquaculture. Climate change can cause a fluctuation in water temperature of rivers, lakes, seas, and oceans. This can chan...

Introduction: The existence of probable lakes on Mars has been recognized for more than two decades [1-4]. Lakes can either be open-basins with both inlet valley(s) and an outlet valley [e.g., 5], or they can be closed-basins that lack an outlet [e.g., 6]. Although both open-and closed-basin lakes were likely present on early Mars, open-basin lakes are easier to study, and we can have higher co...

Leakage of oil from pipelines and oil tankers into seas and oceans is ecologically important and can have significant social and economic impacts on the environment. An early detection of deliberate or accidental oil spills can reduce serious hazards that may threaten coastal residents and help identify pollutants. Iran has been surrounded by seas from the north and the south and they provide u...

Cosmetic surgery is a popular option for women dissatisfied with their image or for· those fighting the ageing process. A new nose, younger looking face, bigger breasts .. .. with just a nip and a tuck and a few thousand dollars, women can have whatever their hearts desire. But how realistic are women's expectations of successful surgery and how do they differ from those of their practitioners?...

the changes in time and location of surface temperature from a water body has an important effect on climate activities, marine biology, sea currents, salinity and other characteristics of the seas and lakes water. traditional measurement of temperature is costly and time consumer due to its dispersion and instability. in recent years the use of satellite technology and remote sensing sciences ...

Among its many impacts, climate warming is leading to increasing winter air temperatures, decreasing ice cover extent, and changing precipitation patterns over the Laurentian Great Lakes their watershed. Understanding predicting consequences of these changes impeded by a shortage winter-period studies on most aspects Lake limnology. In this review, we summarize what known about during 3–6 month...