according to civil law and shia fiqh, unauthorization is a phenomenon involved in various contracts including marriage. studies on unauthorized transactions tried to reveal the conditions of authorization, principal and authorized marriage so that principal plays no role here or is influenced. fiqh and law textbooks indicate that role of principal's intention fades gradually and are largel...

a large number of verses in holy quran deal with the issues of women, such as their rights and duties and the juridical commandments about them. in addition, the names of some famous women have been pointed out in some of its chapters (surahs) who played main roles in quranic stories or historical events. utilizing library sources, women-related quranic verses which have been brought in third e...

historiography by sunnīs on the subject of the purified imams (a.s.)’s life started along with the shī‘as’ and has continued ever since. the evolutionary development of this trend, which has had its ups and downs proportionate to the cultural vicissitudes of the muslim world, requires undergoing serious studies. despite addressing such issues as the why, the how, and the context of the producti...

Being sustainable and producing little waste products, the renewable energy knows a rapid deployment. Unfortunately, the intermittent characteristic of these energies makes them difficult to control. The influence of this aleatory character can be reduced with the coupling of two or more sources of renewable energy and secondly with a sound management of storage systems. This new configuration ...

t his paper discusses firstly the logical possibility of seeing god and secondly discusses the occurrence of that in this world. the reasons for and against the possibility and also the occurrence of this seeing are studied in details and criticized. the author finally proposed his arguments for rejecting the possibility and occurrence of seeing god.

Hojviri wrote his book Kashf al-Mahjub under the influence of sectarian and social developments and challenges in society and on the basis of his intellectual and religious backgrounds. Following an epistemological approach this article attempts to discuss his views on monotheism and some related issues, such as divine essence, attributes and vision. Moreover, epistemological analysis of Hojvir...