Abstract T. G. Masaryk’s thought is famous for his concept of the Czech nation as well ideals humanity. As a philosopher, sociologist, and politician, he was confronted with anti-Semitism, after Czechoslovakia founded, issues Jewish national minority. He tried to solve all questions respect ethical conviction democracy equality. The most difficult personal situation Masaryk emerged ‘Hilsner aff...

The infectious disease typhus is unusual in its interaction with humans. In Nazi Germany typhus was characterised as the Jewish plague and was pivotal in the medicalisation of anti-Semitism. This came to reflect a society, and its values, through the influence of state ideology and legislature. Medical thinking about a human illness was altered, as was traditional Hippocratic based medical prac...

For decades before the Nazis began the legal persecution of Jews, anti-Semites had been active in Germany. They created a climate in which genocide — or so it seems with hindsight — became possible. In 1996 an American scholar, Daniel J Goldhagen, went further. He argued that in Germany ‘eliminationist anti-Semitism’ had created a culture that produced ‘Hitler’s willing executioners’. The ‘comm...

In this paper, we assess the determinants of long-run persistence of local culture, and examine the success of policy interventions designed to change attitudes. We analyze anti-Semitic attitudes drawing on individual-level survey results from Germany’s social value survey in 1996 and 2006. On average, we find that historical voting patterns for anti-Semitic parties between 1890 and 1933 are po...