Semivariograms have been widely used in research to obtain optimal resolutions for ground features. To obtain the semivariogram curve and its attributes (range and sill), parameters including sample size (SS), maximum distance (MD), and group number (GN) have to be defined, as well as a mathematic model for fitting the curve. However, a clear guide on parameter setting and model selection is cu...

Industrialization and urbanization taking place at faster rate in Coimbatore city. Hence the discharge rate of industry effluents and wastes are increasing at alarming rate. These effluents and wastes are being discharged randomly on soil, river, lake and road side without any treatment. They pollute productive soil, natural water system as well as ground water. Assessment of heavy metal conten...

introduction the knowledge about spatial variability of precipitation is a key issue for regionalization in hydro-climatic studies. measurements of meteorological parameters by the traditional methods require a dense rain gauge network. but, due to the topography and cost problems, it is not possible to create such a network in practice. in these cases the spatial distribution pattern of precip...

Kriging is one of the most often used prediction methods in spatial data analysis. This paper examines which steps of the underlying algorithms can be performed in parallel on a PVM cluster. It will be shown, that some properties of the so called kriging equations can be used to improve the parallelized version of the algorithm. The implementation is based on R and PVM. An example will show the...

[1] As analogs for aquifers, outcrops of sedimentary deposits allow sedimentary units to be mapped, permeability to be measured with high resolution, and sedimentary architecture to be related to the univariate and spatial bivariate statistics of permeability. Sedimentary deposits typically can be organized into hierarchies of unit types and associated permeability modes. The types of units and...

[1] Cross-stratified deposits can give rise to a hierarchy of permeability modes, across scales, corresponding to a hierarchy of sedimentary unit types. The shape of the sample semivariogram for permeability can be largely controlled by the shape of the crosstransition probabilities of unit types having the greatest contrast in permeability. The shape of those cross-transition probabilities can...

Using the methods of soil analysis and geostatistics combined with GIS, this paper determined and mapped the spatial distribution of soil DTPA-extractable copper (Cu) in cultivated fields of Shenyang suburbs of China, aimed to assess the roles of industries and agricultural managements in affecting the spatial heterogeneity of soil Cu in this region. The results showed that the soil DTPA-extrac...