BACKGROUND As the number of elder patients grows, spinal anesthesia for such patients are increasing significantly. Any effort is needed to use the least anesthetic drug for maintaining the anesthesia while avoiding hazards of cardio-pulmonary complications. METHODS American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification I and II, Forty five elderly patients (≥ 60 years) who rece...

conclusions the length of sensory and motor blockade is shorter in chronic opioid abusers. adding 10 µg sufentanil to hyperbaric bupivacaine in opium abusers lengthened the sensory and motor block duration. results the duration of sensory and motor block were significantly less in group c (537.0 ± 40.1 minutes, 479.0 ± 34.8 minutes) and the longest duration of sensory and motor block was observ...

Objectives: To evaluate the sensory and motor block of continuous spinal anesthesia compared to epidural anesthesia in mild to moderate preeclamptic patients undergoing cesarean section. Methods: 40 mild to moderate preeclamptic patients undergoing cesarean section under regional anesthesia. Patients are randomly allocated into 2 groups, CSA group (n=20) received continuous spinal anesthesia us...

background several lines of evidence suggest that early sensory stimulation and regular family visiting programs are potential nursing interventions to improve the outcomes of head injured comatose patients. however, little is known about the impacts of family involvement in providing sensory stimulation. objectives to determine the effects of a sensory stimulation program conducted by nurses a...

Objective: This study was designed to compare the effects of equivalent doses of bupivacaine and levobupivacaine on propofol requirement in BIS guided sedation under spinal anesthesia. Material and Methods: Spinal anesthesia was performed on seventy patients scheduled for elective lower limb surgery with 3 mL’s of either isobaric bupivacaine (Group B) or plain levobupivacaine (Group L). Five mi...

Background: Various studies have investigated the role of different drugs as adjuncts to SBPB to prolong the duration and quality of analgesia without producing any major adverse effects. We conducted a study to compare the novel alpha 2 agonists (clonidine and dexmedetomidine) with respect to onset, duration of block and postoperative analgesia when added as adjuvants to the local anesthetic 0...

Low-dose bupivacaine can limit the spinal block level with minimal hemodynamic effects and yield a rapid recovery, but sometimes it may not provide adequate anesthesia for surgery. Dexmedetomidine, a selective α2-adrenoreceptor agonist, was shown to be a potent antinociceptive agent when given intrathecally in animals and humans. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the adjuvant effects of...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of sensory block, onset and duration of motor block, postoperative analgesia, and adverse effects of combination of clonidine and fentanyl given intrathecally with hyperbaric bupivacaine (HB). MATERIAL AND METHODS Three hundred and twenty eight patients were randomized into four groups. Group bupivacaine (group B) received 15...

BACKGROUND Although spinal bupivacaine may have too long duration to be useful in the ambulatory setting, recent animal data suggest that lidocaine added to spinal bupivacaine may reduce the duration of bupivacaine spinal anesthesia. We explored whether lidocaine added to spinal bupivacaine could shorten the duration of bupivacaine spinal anesthesia in humans similarly to what has been reported...

BACKGROUND Subarachnoid block is a widely used technique for cesarean section. To improve the quality of analgesia and prolong the duration of analgesia, addition of intrathecal opioids to local anesthetics has been encouraged. We compared the effects of sufentanil 2.5 µg and 5 µg, which were added to intrathecal hyperbaric bupivacaine. METHODS We enrolled 105 full term parturients were rando...