Amnesia following sedative-hypnotic drug exposure is discussed. Anterograde amnesia clearly occurs with many benzodiazepines. Several drugs are assessed: benzodiazepines and two hypnotics in particular that are structurally unrelated to the benzodiazepines but share some of their properties: zolpidem and zopiclone. The amnesic effects of these drugs are described, memory process, biology of mem...

background: coriandrum sativum l. has been recommended for relief of insomnia in iranian traditional medicine. however, no pharmacological studies have yet evaluated its sedative effects. the aim of this study was to determine if extracts and essential oil of coriander seeds have sedative-hypnotic activity.   methods: the aqueous or hydro-alcoholic extracts or essential oil of coriander seeds (...

In this study, we investigated the sedative and hypnotic effects of the aqueous extract of Aloe vera on rats. In order to evaluate the overall hypnotic effects of the Aloe vera extract, open field and loss of righting reflex tests were primarily used. The sedative and hypnotic effects of the extract were then confirmed by detection of remarkable raise in the total sleeping time through analysis...

Barbiturates were formerly the primary sedative-hypnotic agents used clinically. Currently, they are most often encountered as anticonvulsants, induction agents for anesthesia, and agents used for procedural sedation. Because the barbiturates have largely been replaced clinically by benzodiazepines due to safety concerns, their prevalence in overdoses has drastically decreased when compared wit...

background: renal failure is an important adverse effect of drug poisoning. determining the prevalence and etiology of this serious side effect could help us find appropriate strategies for the prevention of renal failure in most affected patients. objectives: the present study is aimed to identify drugs that induce renal failure and also to find the prevalence of renal failure in patients refe...

Placebo response shares phenomenology and likely overlaps with substrates of cognition and personality. However, inconsistent findings abound regarding the potential link between suggestibility and responding to placebos. Here we directly probe whether suggestibility of the hypnotic type influences placebo response. Fifty healthy undergraduates underwent a standard measure of hypnotic suggestib...

The seeds of Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. have been traditionally used for treatment of various complications including insomnia and anxiety. They are popularly used as sedative and hypnotic drugs in China, Korea, Myanmar, Vietnam, and other Asian countries. However, no scientific proof on hypnotic activity of Z. mauritiana seeds (ZMS) was reported. In this study, the hypnotic activity of 50% ethan...

Being the de facto primary healthcare contacts in rural Bangladesh, retail pharmacy shops (RPSs) influence medication usage by people. Therefore, identifying dispensing activities of RPSs can be a key indicator medicine use. The aim current study is to explore drug practice pharmacists areas Gazipur district. A cross-sectional was designed find out analgesic, antipyretic, Gastro Esophageal Refl...

The symptomatic effects of drug abuse are a result of alterations in the functioning of the following neurotransmitters or their receptors: acetylcholine, dopamine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, norepinephrine, opioids and serotonin. Anticholinergic drugs antagonize acetylcholine receptors. Dissociative drugs affect all transmitter sites. Opiates act on both opioid and adrenergic receptor sites. Psy...