Patients on maintenance hemodialysis are at high risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Fluid overload is generally regarded as the main cause of death among them. Cardiothoracic ratio (CTR) by chest plain film routinely performed to evaluate their volumetric states cardiac conditions. We recently reported that salivary conductivity a reliable marker assessing fluid status in healthy ...

We describe three rare cases of neonatal central diabetes inspidus (CDI) caused by severe perinatal asphyxia. In these cases, hypernatremia, high plasma osmolality and hyposthenuria, with polyuria occurred after one week of age. CDI in one case might be due to the temporal dysfunction of hypothalamic-neurohypophyseal axis and the other two cases to permanent dysfunction. Although these cases ar...

This secondary data analysis addressed gaps in knowledge about effects of chronic water intake. Longitudinal data from the Adapt Study were used to describe effects of prescribing a sustained increase in water intake relative to baseline, for 4 weeks, on multiple indices of total body water (TBW) flux, regulation, distribution, and volume in five healthy, free-living, young men, with mean total...

One hundred and forty episodes in 112 patients (58 boys) with diabetic ketoacidosis (96 episodes) and diabetic ketosis (44 episodes) were studied to elucidate the clinical and laboratory risk factors for altered level of consciousness at presentation and to analyze the outcome of a distinct protocol in the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis. The patients were analyzed according to demographic d...

We describe a 74-year-old man with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who developed syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) 1.5 months after commencement of mizoribin prescription when his arthritis was improved. He noticed nausea and headache and serum Na fell as low as 118 mEq/l. Normal urinary Na excretion without hypotension or hemoconcentration negated the possibility of...

UNLABELLED BACKGROUND An association between fluid intake and limb swelling has been described for 100-km ultra-marathoners. We investigated a potential development of peripheral oedemata in Ironman triathletes competing over 3.8 km swimming, 180 km cycling and 42.2 km running. METHODS In 15 male Ironman triathletes, fluid intake, changes in body mass, fat mass, skeletal muscle mass, limb ...

Editors,—I read with interest the article by Ruttmann, James and Aronson1 concerning haemodilution with hydroxethyl starch and normal saline. However, I disagree with their conclusion that they have shown that haemodilution per se exerted a procoagulant effect in both groups. Instead, I propose that their conclusion should be that they demonstrated that haemodilution with normal saline resulted...

We describe a case of ethanol and isopropanol ingestion that resulted in coma. The concentration of ethanol and isopropanol was 0.90 and 1.65 g/liter in serum and 3.12 and 5.34 g/liter in gastric contents. With an enzymatic (alcohol dehydrogenase) method for ethanol determination we obtained erroneous analytical results. Because of partial cross reactivity with isopropanol, ethanol concentratio...