The archaeology of slave settlements is a recent development within historical archaeology but has gained substantial headway during the last few years. Most of the excavations have been in coastal areas of the Southeastern United States, principally in Georgia and South Carolina. Substantive questions about housing, diet, and lifestyle have been examined. Some comparison between planters. over...

There is a great need for identifying and characterizing human settlements at global scale. Though very high-resolution (VHR) imagery has proven to be highly useful in identifying human settlements, the algorithms and computational approaches have proven to be inadequate and very slow. Existing per-pixel based classification approaches are shown to be inadequate for characterizing urban neighbo...

This data article contains the urban features of three informal settlements in Jakarta: A. Kampung Bandan; B. Kampung Luar Batang; And C. Kampung Muara Baru. The data describes the urban features of physical structures, infrastructures, and public services. These data include maps showing locations of these settlements, photography of urban status, and examples of urban fabric. The data are obt...

Negotiated settlements are a form of regulation of public utilities that is alternative or complementary to the conventional process of litigation. Since the early 1960s they have been seen primarily as a means of coping with a regulatory backlog and as saving regulatory processing time. More recently legal scholars and practitioners suggest that settlements better serve the needs of the partie...

This paper examines the case for usage-based pricing in the Internet. We extend earlier work by Mackie-Mason and Varian [21] on congestion-based pricing in a single network to the case of multiple, competing carriers, and examine the problem of settlements between service providers that arises. With optimal congestion prices, it will probably be necessary to allocate revenues to the multiple, c...

Excavation works in urban areas require a preliminary risk damage assessment. In historical cities, the prediction of building response to settlements is necessary to reduce the risk of damage of the architectural heritage. The current method used to predict the building damage due to ground deformations is the Limiting Tensile Strain Method (LTSM) [3]. This method is based on an uncoupled soil...

Lack of sanitation facilities is a common occurrence in informal settlements that are common in most developing countries. One challenge with sanitation provision in these settlements is the cost and financing of sanitation. This study aimed at estimating the cost of sanitation, and investigating the social and economic dynamics within Kisumu's informal settlements that hinder provision and upt...

Internationally, settlement informality (informal housing and informal settlements) is increasing, not decreasing. Thus, according to United Nations estimates, there are currently 924 million people living in various forms of slums and unauthorized or informal settlements (UN Habitat, 2003, p2). In Sub-Saharan Africa 71,9% of urban dwellers lived in slums (ibid). In South Africa, official gover...

Characterizing and understanding social-ecological systems (SESs) is increasingly necessary to answer questions about the development of sustainable human settlements. To date, much of the literature on SES analysis has focused on “neat” systems involving a single type of resource, a group of users, and a governance system. While these studies provide valuable and specific insights, they are of...