Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is an effective and practical geophysical imaging tool, with a wide set of applications in geological mapping of subsurface information. This research study aims at determination of the geophysical parameter differences in the subsurface geological structures and construction of a 3D fracture model. GPR and resistivity methods were applied to detect the unstable t...

[1] Signals from the Shallow Radar were intended to penetrate hundreds of meters or more into Mars, but subsurface reflections are abundant only in known or inferred ice‐rich units and young (middle to late Amazonian), apparently pristine, volcanic units. As volcanic units age, fewer subsurface reflections are detected. Also, no subsurface reflections are detected from any northern hemisphere u...

Extreme rainfall events are the major driver of shallow landslide occurrences in mountainous and steep terrain regions around the world. Subsurface hydrology has a dominant role on the initiation of rainfall-induced shallow landslides, since changes in the soil water content affect significantly the soil shear strength. Rainfall infiltration produces an increase of soil water potential, which i...

magnetotelluric (mt) method is an electromagnetic method which provides information about subsurface conductivity structures using earth's natural electromagnetic fields. static shift is one of disorders arising from shallow conductors; therefore static shift must be corrected as one of mt data processing steps. in the absence of sufficient information about the near surface distortions, w...

Managing subsurface damage during the shaping process and removing subsurface damage during the polishing process is essential in the production of low damage density optical components, such as those required for use on high peak power lasers. Removal of subsurface damage, during the polishing process, requires polishing to a depth which is greater than the depth of the residual cracks present...

An autonomous surface vehicle, known as a wave glider, was used to record refracted and reflected signals from seismic source penetrating the shallow subsurface. integrated survey system consisting of gilder human-operated vessel deployed. These systems are acquire wide-offset data specific areas, such offshore structures. The gliders can collect refraction reflection data, which be estimate su...

The highway of Yongweol-ri, Muan-gun, south-western part of the South Korean Peninsula, is underlain by the abandoned of subsurface cavities, which were discovered in 2005. These cavities lie at shallow depths with the range of 5∼15 meters below the ground surface. Numerous subsidence events have repeatedly occurred in the past few years, damaging infrastructure and highway. As a result of cont...

in this study, a new method for joining aluminum tubes in subsurface structures using steel converting and aluminum welding are presented and reviewed. but near the weld area is under high thermal cycle and will cause residual stresses in heat affected zone. therefore for assessment of proposed connection from the perspective of residual stress by using the finite element method welding of tube...

The Europa Clipper is a NASA mission concept to study Europa, the ice-covered moon of Jupiter, though a series of fly-by observations of the Europan surface and subsurface from a spacecraft in Jovian orbit. One of the primary instruments in the strawman scientific payload is a multifrequency, multi-channel ice penetrating radar (IPR) system. The IPR will play a critical role in achieving the mi...