We review recent theories of non-classical, structured deformations and integral representations for their Helmholtz free energy. Energy minimizers for a body undergoing shearing at two di¤erent length scales and for a bar experiencing both smooth extension and macroscopic fractures then are determined, and applications to the shearing of single crystals and to the cohesive fracture of solids a...

The relevance of sheet processing technology, which finds increasing application, is given. Efficient equipment for metal and mounting justified proposed. This article deals with upcut shears’ operation. solution to the mathematic model manual shears using Mathcad provided.

In order to address the selection mechanism that is responsible for the unique lamellar orientation observed in block copolymers under oscillatory shears, we use a constitutive law for the dissipative part of the stress tensor that respects the uniaxial symmetry of a lamellar phase. An interface separating two domains oriented parallel and perpendicular to the shear is shown to be hydrodynamica...