In large distribution systems, distribution centers (DC) deliver some merchandize to their retail stores in size-specific packages, also called ship-packs. These ship-packs include cases (e.g., cartons containing 24 or 48 units), inners (packages of 6 or 8 units) or eaches (individual units). For each Stock Keeping Unit (SKU), a retailer can decide which of these ship-pack options to use when r...

A few previous studies have illustrated the potentials of compact polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar (CP SAR) in ship detection. In this paper, we design a ship detection algorithm of CP SAR from the perspective of computer vision. A ship detection algorithm using the pulsed cosine transform (PCT) visual attention model is proposed to suppress background clutter and highlight conspicuous shi...

Ship maneuvering performance is typically predicted in calm water conditions. This provides very valuable information at the initial ship design stage. However, since the ship always sails in waves, the maneuvering performance of the ship in seaway may be significantly different from calm water condition. Therefore, if the effect of waves and the corresponding motion responses can be included i...

We present a top-down ship NOx emission inventory for the Baltic Sea, the North Sea, the Bay of Biscay and the Mediterranean Sea based on satellite-observed tropospheric NO2 columns of the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) for 2005–2006. We improved the representation of ship emissions in the GEOS-Chem chemistry transport model, and compared simulated NO2 columns to consistent satellite observa...

The composite backscattering of the ship model on sea surface is investigated with the spilling breaking waves and ship bow waves. The spilling breakers are approximately modeled with the wedge-like waves, and the ship bow waves are simulated based on the Kelvin model. With the modified four-path model, each scattering component is evaluated with the high frequency approximation methods for the...

The ship main engine speed control system is a typical nonlinear system and it is uncertain characteristics, It is influenced by the wind, wave, flow etc. So it is difficulted to designed the diesel engine mathematical model. This paper presents a nonlinear mathematical model of ship main engine. Because the active disturbance rejection controller does not depend on the mathematical model of th...

The effect of benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) ship emissions in the greater North Sea region is investigated in this study. The carcinogenic BaP which belongs to the group of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) occurs mainly particle bound at temperatures prevailing in the mid-latitudes. The BaP concentration and deposition distribution is investigated by means of the Community Multiscale Air Quality ...