Incline Dumbbell Curl (IDC) and Dumbbell Preacher Curl (DPC) are two variations of the standard Dumbbell Biceps Curl (DBC), generally applied to optimize biceps brachii contribution for elbow flexion by fixing shoulder at a specific angle. The aim of this study is to identify changes in the neuromuscular activity of biceps brachii long head for IDC, DPC and DBC exercises, by taking into account...

purpose: to compare ipsilateral and contralateral carotid wall thickness in patients with acute unilateral non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (naion). methods: this prospective case series included 17 (10 male and 7 female) patients with unilateral naion of less than 8 weeks' duration who underwent b-mode ultrasonography to measure intima-media thickness (imt) in the common c...

Recent research on the wheat curl mite species complex has revealed extensive genetic diversity that has distinguished several genetic lineages infesting bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and other cereals worldwide. Turkey is the historical region of wheat and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) domestication and diversification. The close relationship between these grasses and the wheat curl mite pr...

STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. OBJECTIVES To clarify whether differences in surface stability influence trunk muscle activity. BACKGROUND Lumbar stabilization exercises on unstable surfaces are performed widely. One perceived advantage in performing stabilization exercises on unstable surfaces is the potential for increased muscular demand. However, there is little evidence in th...

This paper addresses the nonlinear elliptic curl–curl equation with uncertainties in the material law. It is frequently employed in the numerical evaluation of magnetostatic fields, where the uncertainty is ascribed to the so–called B–H curve. A truncated Karhunen–Loève approximation of the stochastic B–H curve is presented and analyzed with regard to monotonicity constraints. A stochastic nonl...

We study connections between four different types of results that are concerned with vector-valued functions u : Ω → R of class L(Ω) on a domain Ω ⊂ R: Coercivity results in H(Ω) relying on div and curl, the Helmholtz decomposition, the construction of vector potentials, and the global div-curl lemma. Key-words: Friedrichs inquality, coercivity, div-curl lemma, compensated compactness

Classic multigrid methods are often not directly applicable to nonelliptic problems such as curl-type partial differential equations (PDEs). Curl-curl PDEs require specialized smoothers that are compatible with the gradient-like (near) null space. Moreover, recent developments have focused on replicating the grad-curl-div de Rham complex in a multilevel hierarchy through smoothed aggregation ba...

We study the exterior derivative as a symmetric unbounded operator on square integrable 1-forms on a 3D bounded domain D. We aim to identify boundary conditions that render this operator self-adjoint. By the symplectic version of the Glazman-Krein-Naimark theorem this amounts to identifying complete Lagrangian subspaces of the trace space of H(curl, D) equipped with a symplectic pairing arising...

Abstract Both advanced high strength steels and aluminum alloys gained increasing popularity because of the constant effort to meet social pressure reducing vehicle weight while keeping their safety. The ratio between material is much higher when compared other materials but, springback after forming one disadvantages these materials, particularly exhibiting twisting side wall curl, which are t...

Ray-optically, optical components change a light-ray field on a surface immediately in front of the component into a different light-ray field on a surface behind the component. In the ray-optics limit of wave optics, the incident and outgoing light-ray directions are given by the gradient of the phase of the incident and outgoing light field, respectively. But as the curl of any gradient is ze...