This paper proposes spatial lattice modulation (SLM), a spatial modulation method for multipleinput-multiple-output (MIMO) systems. The key idea of SLM is to jointly exploit spatial, in-phase, and quadrature dimensions to modulate information bits into a multi-dimensional signal set that consists of lattice points. One major finding is that SLM achieves a higher spectral efficiency than the exi...

Spatial light modulator (SLM) implementation of wavefront encoding enables various types of engineered point-spread functions (PSFs), including the generalized-cubic and squared-cubic phase mask wavefront encoded (WFE) PSFs, shown to reduce the impact of sample-induced spherical aberration in fluorescence microscopy. This investigation validates dynamic experimental parameter variation of these...

Land degradation is a serious impediment to improving rural livelihoods in Eastern Africa. This paper identifies major land degradation patterns and causes, and analyzes the determinants of sustainable land management (SLM) in three countries (Ethiopia, Malawi and Tanzania). The results show that land degradation hotspots cover about 51%, 41%, 23% and 23% of the terrestrial areas in Tanzania, M...

The aim of this work was to evaluate and compare the color, texture and sensory characteristics of whitemouth croaker (Micropogonias furnieri) surimi and mechanically separated chicken meat (MDCM) surimi-like material (SLM). The whiteness of the MDCM-SLM was higher (P > 0.05) than that from the surimi. Higher breaking force (P < 0.05) and gel strength (P < 0.05) were also observed for the MDCM-...

The paper directly compares two versions of a medical speech translation system, one with a grammar based language model (GLM) recognizer and the other with a statistical language model (SLM) recognizer. We construct the GLM using a corpus-based method, so that both the GLM and the SLM can be derived from the same corpus; evaluation is carried out with respect to performance on the speech trans...

Peak-to-average power ratio reduction in OFDM using selected mapping (SLM) is considered. A new low-complexity version of SLM is introduced, which employs the principle of widely-linear signal processing, i.e., real and imaginary part of the candidate OFDM frames are treated separately. Thereby, investing the numerical complexity of conventional SLM with U candidates, a performance almost equal...

One of the well – known Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR) mitigation technique for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is Selected Mapping (SLM). Up till now, many different low complexity SLM schemes have been proposed, but most of them reduce the computational intricacy at the cost of Bit Error Rate (BER) or Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR) mitigation performance degradation....

In this paper, we introduce a new selected mapping (SLM) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) scheme with low computational complexity. The proposed SLM scheme transforms an input symbol sequence into a set of the time domain signals by multiplying the phase sequences to the signal after a certain intermediate stage of inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT). Then, the OFDM signal wi...

In this paper, we propose a new selected mapping (SLM) scheme for reducing peak to average power ratio (PAPR) of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signals modulated with quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), called amplitude and phase variant SLM (APSLM). Contrary to the conventional SLM which rotates the phases of QAM symbols in the frequency domain, the proposed scheme change...

CA1 pyramidal cells are the primary output neurons of the hippocampus, carrying information about the result of hippocampal network processing to the subiculum and entorhinal cortex (EC) and thence out to the rest of the brain. The primary excitatory drive to the CA1 pyramidal cells comes via the Schaffer collateral (SC) projection from area CA3. There is also a direct projection from EC to str...