Abstract Smallholder agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa is largely exposed to pervasive market failures, translating into missed opportunities and sub-optimal economic behavior. These failures can partly be traced the importance of economies scale procuring inputs marketing produce, where smallholders face disproportionately high transaction costs. Producer organizations could help lessen costs;...

four hundred and ninety five smallholder dairy farms in 52 villages of different cities in chaharmohal and bakhtiari province including 1321 lactating cows and totalling 2811 total mature cows (lactating and dry)were employed during winter 2009 to summer 2010 to estimate the economic opportunities as per cow in smallholder dairy farms. a questionnaire survey was employed to collect data from th...

Seventy six high and low producer cows were selected to determine the composition of the blood and milk parameters, and their interrelationships to determine the indices which could be useful to improve the milk yield. The highest mean blood concentrations were found in high producer cows. Mean values for blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum protein (SPtn), creatinine, triglycerides (TGs), choleste...

1Department of Animal Sciences, NDSU The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of corn dried distillers grains plus solubles (DDGS) supplementation to beef cows during late gestation on maintenance of body condition and weight, voluntary feed intake behavior, and factors affecting milk and milk nutrients for the calf. Results indicate supplementation offers advantages to the co...

Listeria monocytogenes is a ubiquitous bacterium widely distributed in the environment that can cause a severe disease in humans when contaminated foods are ingested. Cheese has been implicated in sporadic cases and in outbreaks of listeriosis worldwide. Environmental contamination, in several occasions by persistent strains, has been considered an important source of finished product contamina...

In pasture-based milk production systems, using available farm resources in order to reduce feeding costs, the composition and functional properties of dairy cows’ milk are of considerable importance to the dairy farmer, manufacturer and consumer. Basically, there are three options for altering the composition and/or functional properties of milk: 1) cow nutrition and grazing management, 2) cow...

By conducting a systemic screening from Chinese traditional Tofu, a bacteriocin producer with broad antimicrobial spectrum was found. The producer was identified by 16S rDNA sequencing, and it was identified as Leuconostoc mesenteroides. The producer possessed typical bacteriocin traits, such as be heat-stable and proteinase-labile. Its inhibition spectrum contained many distantly related gener...

Modern retail markets have grown in Cambodia, but vegetable growers are unlikely to gain benefits from these high value (HVMs). Producer cooperatives (PCs) could play a critical role linking smallholder farmers HVMs. The purpose of this paper is: (1) examine the PCs producers HVMs; and (2) analyse factors affecting successful participation This study applied mixed methods approach selling membe...