This thesis is based upon the premise that access to health care is a fundamental human right and should never be dictated by profit, class, gender, or national identity. Given the quixotism of this objective for universal health care coverage, I am studying the works of the most prominent proponents of socialized healthcare—Rudolf Virchow, Henry E. Sigerist, and Paul Farmer. According to the W...

During the past 30 years, women have entered academic medicine in increasingly larger numbers. However, fewer women than men have succeeded in advancing in academic rank. Despite numerous studies and reports documenting this failure, progress in correcting this problem has been slower than that predicted by even conservative estimates. In 1985, 10% of female medical school faculty held the rank...

The distinguished medical historian, Henry E Sigerist, died in 1957. It has taken a further forty years for this first significant English-language study of his work to be produced. It is perhaps no coincidence that American historians of medicine have deferred action on this subject until after the collapse of the Soviet block and the demise of socialism as an effective political force. From t...

The proliferation of socialized data offers an unprecedented opportunity for designing customer service measurement systems. We address the problem of adequately measuring service quality using socialized data. The theoretical basis for the study is the widely used SERVQUAL model and we leverage a dataset uniquely suited for the analysis: the full database of online reviews generated on the web...

Animal welfare organizations routinely accept large numbers of cats with unknown histories, and whose backgrounds vary from well-socialized pets to cats that have had little or no contact with humans. Agencies are challenged with making the determination of socialization level in a highly stressful environment where cats are often too frightened to show typical behaviors. A variety of structure...

Introduction: Pain is a complex phenomenon and in many diseases is the cardinal manifestation. In many of them, the source of pain is obscure and in turn curing pain also becomes difficult. Finding a new regulatory mechanism for pain perception and processing such as alternation of neurogenesis may establish a new treatment. Methods and Materials: In this study, 32 male Sprague-Dawley rats were...