Peptidoglycans (PGNs) are immunogenic bacterial surface patterns that trigger immune activation in metazoans and plants. It is generally unknown how complex bacterial structures such as PGNs are perceived by plant pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and whether host hydrolytic activities facilitate decomposition of bacterial matrices and generation of soluble PRR ligands. Here we show that Ara...

Extracelluar polymeric substances (EPSs) and soluble microbial products (SMPs) produced by microbial cultures involved in membrane biofouling have been widely investigated. A mathematical model of EPS and SMP formation and degradation was established based on the activated sludge model no. 1 (ASM1) and was applied to the membrane bioreactor sludge with different sludge retention times (SRTs). T...

It is a long-established clinical observation that most microbial infections are associated with fever. With many of these agents, however, the pathogenesis of fever has been only recently elucidated and it is apparent that several different mechanisms may be implicated.' The following studies were undertaken to compare fevers induced in rabbits by a nonpathogenic fungus, Cryptococcus albidus, ...

In this study, glycine max (milk and okara) is selected for the preparation of bi Products. Alterative medication natural remedies have been used from ancient time treatment wellbeing human. Some medicinal plants are so common that we use them in daily life without knowing their importance. Glycine best example it. The plant commonly known as soybean which eatable. Green bean hull chewed to a p...

Copyright © 2014, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences; Published by DOCS. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits copy and redistribute the material just in noncommercial usages, provided the original work ...

Bioremediation: ASM library http://www.microbelibrary.org/library/resources/ 2776-bioremediation-and-treatment-of-industrial-waste This site put up by the American Society for Microbiology provides a good summary of the principles and practices of bioremediation. Bioremediation: USGS http://water.usgs.gov/wid/html/bioremed.html This site is dated but it contains specific examples of sites treat...

Introduction MBRs (membrane bioreactors) are a recent innovation of the activated sludge process, which eliminates many constraints associated with the traditional gravity settling. Nevertheless, it suffer membrane fouling. The colloidal and macromolecular fraction of MBR sludge has been reported as the main foulant of MBR systems. SMP can be classified into BAP (biomass associated products) an...

This review discusses the characterization, production and implications of soluble microbial products (SMPs) in biological wastewater treatment. The precise definition of SMPs is open to talk about, but is currently regarded as "the pool of organic compounds that are released into solution from substrate metabolism and biomass decay"'. Some of the SMPs have been identified as humic acids, polys...