Background: Despite introduction of modern antiepileptic drugs, 30% of epileptic patients are still drug resistant. Remarkable three-dimensional spatial structure of AdCA, yet the simplicity of the molecule, makes AdCA a promising lead compound. Methods: Sedative/motor impairment and 24-h mortality rate of AdCA were determined in mice. Impact of AdCA on (1) threshold and occurrence of clonic se...

in agricultural meteorology, the growing season is the period within each year when crops can be grown from a view of thermal conditions. this period is in general, between the last and first frost dates in spring and autumn when temperature is above a specific threshold. there are two other definitions when using a 5 °c as threshold. one of the methods employed in studying future climate is us...

Snow cover area is one of the most important criteria to calculate snow melt runoff. This can have an effect on the biology of the plant and the environment of a region. Using the catchment basin physical characteristic to calculate snow cover area is a conventional method, though its accuracy is not good enough. Most of the useful methods in calculating snow cover area are based on satellite i...

Snow cover area is one of the most important criteria to calculate snow melt runoff. This can have an effect on the biology of the plant and the environment of a region. Using the catchment basin physical characteristic to calculate snow cover area is a conventional method, though its accuracy is not good enough. Most of the useful methods in calculating snow cover area are based on satellite i...

We sought to determine (1) the perceived spatial frequency of flickering sinusoidal gratings as a function of temporal frequency at contrasts down to detection threshold levels, and (2) the influence of two different matching criteria on reported size matches to identify changes in the apparent spatial structure introduced by counterphase flicker. To determine if spatial structure was observabl...

We tested the predictions of a multiple-channels model about the appearance of spatial patterns. Specifically we tested how encoding the perceived spatial frequency of a near-threshold pattern compared with encoding of a zero-contrast or moderate-contrast pattern. For example, the model predicts that the mean perceived spatial frequency of a near-threshold pattern is a weighted average of the r...

An optimized method for data hiding into a digital color image in spatial domainis provided. The graph coloring theory with different color numbers is applied. To enhance thesecurity of this method, block correlations method in an image is used. Experimental results showthat with the same PSNR, the capacity is improved by %8, and also security has increased in themethod compared with other meth...

PURPOSE The visual deficit in amblyopia involves both elevated contrast thresholds and distorted suprathreshold percepts at high spatial frequencies. It is currently unclear whether these two anomalies are part of the same neural disturbance or whether they reflect different neural dysfunction. METHODS The quality of the spatial percepts in amblyopia was assessed at detection threshold. The a...