Sex differences in spatial ability are well documented, but poorly understood. In order to see whether working memory is an important factor in these differences, 50 males and 50 females performed tests of three-dimensional mental rotation and spatial visualization, along with tests of spatial and verbal working memory. Substantial differences were found on all spatial ability and spatial worki...

During a critical period of postnatal age sensory experience has a profound effect on maturation of visual cortical wiring. Electrophysiological evidence is indicating a substantial effect of visual deprivation on the visual cortical response properties. In this study we evaluated effect of light deprivation during a limited time of postnatal age on two aspects of spatial (working and reference...

introduction: this study aims to compare the cognitive performance of patients with multiple sclerosis (ms) in the field of autobiographical, prospective and working memory compared to normal people. method: in a causal-comparative study using convenience sampling 200 patients with ms (100 were affected less and 100 were affected more than 2 years (and 100 healthy individuals were matched regar...

introduction: previous studies have suggested that the cerebellum is a primary site of motor learning. the cerebellar cortex has a particular glial architecture with large astroglial cells. in addition, more recent works have revealed that astrocytes play a more active role in neuronal activity. the aim of this study was to evaluate the number of astrocytes in the molecular layer of rat's ...

background and objective: tamoxifen is one of the selective estrogen receptor modulators that exerts estrogen / anti-estrogen effects in various tissues. this study was done to evaluate the effect of chronic administration of tamoxifen on spatial memory and passive avoidance task in adult male wistar rats. methods: in this experimental study, 48 adult male wistar rats were randomly divided into...

During a critical period of postnatal age sensory experience has a profound effect on maturation of visual cortical wiring. Electrophysiological evidence is indicating a substantial effect of visual deprivation on the visual cortical response properties. In this study we evaluated effect of light deprivation during a limited time of postnatal age on two aspects of spatial (working and reference...

  Numerous studies conducted in laboratory animals and humans indicate that angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors reinforce memory and learning. In this paper we study the effect of injection of enalapril into the cerebral ventricles on spatial memory of white mice in the double- y maze, following the induction of an Alzheimer- like amnestic model with scopolamine. To estimate the duration o...

Objective(s): Dopamine plays an important role in cognitive functions. Inhibition of the dopamine-degrading enzyme catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) may have beneficial effects. Our aim was to assess the effect of COMT inhibitor tolcapone (TCP) on learning and memory in naïve and haloperidol-challenged rats.Materials and Methods: Male ...

objectives: this study investigated the efficacy of working memory training for improving working memory capacity and related auditory stream segregation in auditory processing disorders children. methods: fifteen subjects (9-11 years), clinically diagnosed with auditory processing disorder participated in this non-randomized case-controlled trial. working memory abilities and auditory stream s...