The properties of random gene tree topologies have recently been studied under a coalescent model that treats a species tree as a fixed parameter. Here we develop the analogous theory for random ranked gene tree topologies, in which both the topology and the sequence of coalescences for a random gene tree are considered. We derive the probability distribution of ranked gene tree topologies cond...

in this paper we investigate generalized topologies generated by a subbase ofpreorder relators and consider its application in the concept of the complement. we introducethe notion of principal generalized topologies obtained from the new type of open sets andstudy some of their important properties.

Several methods have been designed to infer species trees from gene trees while taking into account gene tree/species tree discordance. Although some of these methods provide consistent species tree topology estimates under a standard model, most either do not estimate branch lengths or are computationally slow. An exception, the GLASS method of Mossel and Roch, is consistent for the species tr...

This paper presents a novel topology of single-phase multilevel inverter for low and high power applications. It consists of polarity (Level) generation circuit and H Bridge. The proposed topology can produce higher output voltage levels by connecting dc voltage sources   in series and parallel. The proposed topology utilizes minimum number of power electronic devices which helps in reduction o...

In this paper, we introduce the concepts of right, left and product stabilizers on hoops and study some properties and the relation between them.  And we try to find that how they can be equal and investigate that under what condition they can be filter, implicative filter, fantastic and positive implicative filter. Also, we prove that  right and product stabilizers are filters and if they are ...

The zeolite topology directs the formation of different silver species with catalytic implications for NH 3 -SCO reaction.

Generalising Nachbin's theory of ``topology and order'', in this paper we   continue the study of quantale-enriched categories equipped with a compact   Hausdorff topology. We compare these $V$-categorical compact Hausdorff spaces   with ultrafilter-quantale-enriched categories, and show that the presence of a   compact Hausdorff topology guarantees Cauchy completeness and (suitably   defined) ...