Human skin, the outer and largest organ covering our body, can be described in terms of both its 3D spatial topography and its 2D spectral reflectance. Such a characterization normally requires the application of separate procedures using different kinds of equipment, where spectral reflectance can only be obtained from a small patch of the skin surface. This paper investigates the integration ...

A method for characterizing pigmented bacteria based on the numerical analysis of their carotenoid absorption spectra was examined. To achieve this, some non-phototrophic pigmented bacteria that were isolated from various environments and closely related types of species were used. Bacterial carotenoid pigments were extracted with an acetone:methanol (7:2) mixture and the absorption spectra wer...

A dumbbell graph, denoted by Da,b,c, is a bicyclic graph consisting of two vertexdisjoint cycles Ca, Cb and a path Pc+3 (c > −1) joining them having only its end-vertices in common with the two cycles. In this paper, we study the spectral characterization w.r.t. the adjacency spectrum of Da,b,0 (without cycles C4) with gcd(a, b) > 3, and we complete the research started in [J.F. Wang et al., A ...

Due to their non-toxic nature, biodegradability and production from renewable resources, research has shown an increasing interest in the use of biosurfactants in a wide variety of applications. This paper reviews the characterization of rhamnolipid and sophorolipid biosurfactants based on their hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity and their ability to form microemulsions with a range of oils without ...