Most of the slaughterhouses in the state of Kerala (India) do not have proper and effective effluent treatment facilities. Collection of blood and separation of manure to reduce the very high organic load of the effluent are also not practiced. As a result, large volumes of extremely complex effluents with high content of fat, grease, and protein are discharged into land or water bodies causing...

Immobilized cells of a recombinant Escherichia coli expressing nitrilase from Pseudomonas putida were used to catalyze the hydrolysis of mandelonitrile (2hydroxy-2-phenylacetonitrile) to (R)-(-)-mandelic acid. The cells had been immobilized by entrapment in an alginate matrix. Conditions for the hydrolysis reaction were optimized in shake flasks and in a packed bed reactor. In shake flasks the ...

In this paper a packed bed of char particles is considered for experimental study and analysis. The packed char bed is modelled by extending the single-particle analysis (Dasappa et al., 1994a, Chem. Eng. Sci. 49}2: 223}232. Dasappa et al., 1994b, 1wenty-,fth Symposium (International) on Combustion, pp. 1619}1628. Dasappa et al., 1998, 1wenty-seventh Symposium (International) on Combustion, pp....

The Chinese high temperature gas-cooled reactor pebble bed module (HTR-PM) demonstration project has attracted increasing attention. In order to support the project, a large-scale heat transfer test facility has been constructed for pebble bed effective thermal conductivity measurement over the whole temperature range (0~1600 ◦C). Based on different heat transfer mechanisms in the randomly pack...

Biofiltration of hydrophobic volatile pollutants is intrinsically limited by poor transfer of the pollutants from the gaseous to the liquid biotic phase, where biodegradation occurs. This study was conducted to evaluate the potential of silicone oil for enhancing the transport and subsequent biodegradation of hexane by the fungus Fusarium solani in various bioreactor configurations. Silicone oi...

Immobilized whole cells of Rhodotorula rubra MIM147 were used in a packed bed flow reactor for the enantioselective reduction ?-ketonitriles and obtainment key building block synthesis antidepressant drug duloxetine.

Thiobacillus ferrooxidans was used in fixed-film bioreactors to oxidize ferrous sulfate to ferric sulfate. Glass beads, ion-exchange resin, and activated-carbon particles were tested as support matrix materials. Activated carbon was tested in both a packed-bed bioreactor and a fluidized-bed bioreactor; the other matrix materials were used in packed-bed reactors. Activated carbon displayed the m...

Non thermal plasma (NTP) reactors packed with non-catalytic or catalytic packing material have been widely used for the abatement of volatile organic compounds such as toluene, benzene, etc. Packed bed reactors are single stage reactors where the packing material is placed directly in the plasma discharge region. The presence of packing material can alter the physical (such as discharge charact...