Background. Surgical noxious stimuli generate a stress response with an increased sympathetic activity, potentially affecting the perioperative outcome. Surgical Pleth Index (SPI), derived from the pulse plethysmogram, has been proposed as a tool to assess nociception-antinociception balance. The relationship between SPI and autonomic nervous system (ANS) during general anesthesia is poorly und...

drought is a major environmental disaster in many parts of the world. knowledge about the timing, severity and extentof drought can aid planning and decision-making. drought indices derived from in-situ meteorological data have coarsespatial and temporal resolutions, thus, obtaining a real-time drought condition over a large area is difficult. this studyused advanced very high resolution radiom...

The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) is now widely used throughout the world in both a research and an operational mode. For arid climates, or those with a distinct dry season where zero values are common, the SPI at short time scales is lower bounded, referring to non-normally distributed in this study. In these cases, the SPI is always greater than a certain value and fails to indicate ...

In order to have effective agricultural production the impacts of drought must be mitigated. An important aspect of mitigating the impacts of drought is an effective method of forecasting future drought events. In this study, three methods of forecasting short-term drought for short lead times are explored in the Awash River Basin of Ethiopia. The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) was the ...

OBJECTIVE To determine provincial 12-month prevalence rates for selected psychiatric disorders and to assess the association between these and the Canadian Social Problem Index (SPI). METHOD Psychiatric data for depression, mania, panic disorder, social phobia, and agoraphobia were derived from the results of the 2002 Canadian Community Health Survey: Mental Health and Well-Being. The Canadia...

Background: Traditionally, minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) has been used as the standard measure to compare the potencies of volatile anesthetics. However, it reflects the spinal mechanism of immobility rather than the subcortical mechanism of analgesia. Recently, the surgical pleth index (SPI) derived from photoplethysmographic waveform was shown to reflect the intraoperative analgesic co...

BACKGROUND The surgeon's individual performance is a key component of total quality management (TQM) in cardiac surgery. Early mortality as well as postoperative complications can be stratified in order to develop a surgeon performance index (SPI). MATERIAL AND METHODS In three consecutive annual periods (3703 patients) data of board-certified cardiac surgeons were compared. Risk-adjustment o...

This paper examines the importance of basis convergence and long memory in volatility when estimating minimum variance hedge ratios (MVHRs) using SPI futures. The paper employs a bivariate FIGARCH model with a maturity effect to model the joint dynamics of the Australian All Ordinaries Index and the basis. This new approach allows for long memory in volatility, time varying correlations and the...

This paper focus on the drought monitoring and forecasting for semi-arid region based various machine learning models SPI index. Drought phenomena are crucial role in agriculture drinking purposes area. In this study, Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) was used to predicted future upper Godavari River basin, India. We have selected ten input combinations of ML model were prediction three ti...

to identify an appropriate index for monitoring and evaluation of drought, rainfall data obtained from meteorological stations of ilam province from 2000 to 2011 and modis satellite images with 16-day intervals were collected and processed. the standardized precipitation index (spi) was calculated based on rainfall data; therefore, the rainfall data were used for measuring spi and satellite ima...