Introduction: Pleural effusion may develop during various acute or chronic medical conditions. Despite different diagnostic workups, some cases of pleural effusion may remain undiagnosed. Pleuroscopy and closed biopsy are common diagnostic approaches used for the diagnosis of undiagnosed cases. The present research aimed to evaluate the diagnostic yield of medical pleuroscopy a...

In keeping with the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) definition of CE (“. . .a rigorous evaluation of the impact of different options that are available for treating a given medical condition for . . . a set of patients”) and the experience of several nations, the authors reviewed CE as applied to medical devices and drugs, surgical interventions, and diagnostic tests. Their examination focuse...

New or emerging surgical procedures and technologies continue to be developed at a rapid rate and must be implemented safely into clinical practice. Additional privileging may be required if substantively new technical or cognitive skills are required to implement an innovative procedure or technology. Guiding principles for privileging should include cognitive and technical assessment to ensur...

background: sarcocystosis is one of the most widespread parasitic diseases in cattle caused by three main species of sarcocystis genus. the major aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of sarcocystis spp. in meat produced in yazd, central iran with special reference to species identification, using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (pcr-rflp).  method...

conclusions despite rapidity, automation, accuracy, cost-effectiveness, high sensitivity, and high specificity of molecular techniques, each type of molecular technology has its own advantages and disadvantages. results various types of molecular biology tools can be used to detect and quantify viral genomic elements and analyze the sequences. these molecular assays are proper technologies for ...

personalized medicine is significantly changing the fundamentals of healthcare. genetic diagnostic tests are used in various parts of medicine – from initial screening to the diagnosis and finally treatment. investigations in fields of drug development indicate that oncology may lead other therapeutic areas in the number of targeted therapies on the marketplace as well as in the pipeline, expec...

chorionic villus sampling (cvs) is a new method and its true risk of fetal loss and complications is not still clearly determined. the objective of this study was to review the clinical pregnancy outcome of transabdominal cvs (ta-cvs) performed on women with minor beta thalassemia. ta-cvs performed on 300 women with a singleton pregnancy and we could follow 213 women until delivery. data regard...