In this study, a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) stack has been successfully fabricated and tested by using direct natural gas. The main objective of this research was to achieve optimal long-term performance of the SOFC stack without carbon deposition by using low-cost natural gas as a fuel. The stack configuration was improved by a new interconnect design and made of cost-effective raw materials...

In this paper, a new method is presented for encryption of colored images. This method is based on using stack data structure and chaos which make the image encryption algorithm more efficient and robust. In the proposed algorithm, a series of data whose range is between 0 and 3 is generated using chaotic logistic system. Then, the original image is divided into four subimages, and these four i...

introduction: tuberculosis (tb), with different types of respiratory tract involvements, has a high rate of mortality all around the world. endobronchial involvement, which is a slightly common tuberculous infection, requires special attention due to its severe complications such as bronchostenosis. aim of study of this study was describes, one type of pulmonary tuberculosis with less diagnosed...

BACKGROUND Extended tunnelled roadways requiring ventilation via exhaust stacks are an increasingly common solution to traffic congestion around the world. In response to community concerns about adverse health effects associated with emissions from a new road tunnel exhaust stack, despite no demonstrable change in local ambient air quality, we conducted a cross sectional study to test for an a...

OBJECTIVE The construction of a new road tunnel in Sydney, Australia, and concomitant reduction in traffic on a major road presented the opportunity to study the effects of this traffic intervention on respiratory health. METHODS We made measurements in a cohort of residents in the year before the tunnel opened (2006) and in each of two years afterwards (2007-2008). Cohort members resided in ...

Much energy is lost through excess air flow in and out of process heating equipment. Energy saving opportunities from managing air flow include minimizing combustion air, preheating combustion air, minimizing ventilation air, and reconfiguring openings to reduce leakage. This paper identifies these opportunities and presents methods to quantify potential energy savings from implementing these e...