A two-term Edgeworth expansion for the standardized version of the sample total in a two-stage sampling design is derived. In particular, for the commonly used stratified and cluster sampling schemes, formal two-term asymptotic expansions are obtained for the Studentized versions of the sample total. These results are applied in conjunction with the bootstrap to construct more accurate confiden...

There are some experiences that researcher come across quite number of time for very large networks in the initial samples such that they cannot finish the sampling procedure. Two solutions have been proposed and used by marine biologists which we discuss in this article: i) Adaptive cluster sampling based on order statistics with a stopping rule, ii) Restricted adaptive cluster sampling. Until...

Abstract:  The precision of conventional sampling designs is not usually satisfactory for estimating parameters of clump and rare populations. Many of fish species live in school and disperse all over a vast area like a sea so that they are rare compare to their habitats. Theory of a class of sampling designs called adaptive sampling designs has rapidly grown during last decade which solved the...

Abstract:  The precision of conventional sampling designs is not usually satisfactory for estimating parameters of clump and rare populations. Many of fish species live in school and disperse all over a vast area like a sea so that they are rare compare to their habitats. Theory of a class of sampling designs called adaptive sampling designs has rapidly grown during last decade which solv...

BACKGROUND To stop a possible outbreak of Legionnaires' disease (LD) at an early stage an outbreak detection programme was installed in The Netherlands. METHODS The programme consisted of sampling and controlling of potential sources to which LD patients had been exposed during their incubation period. Potential sources were considered to be true sources of infection if two or more LD patient...

The data used in social, behavioural, health or biological sciences may have a hierarchical structure due to the natural structure in the population of interest or due to the sampling design. Multilevel or marginal models are often used to analyse such hierarchical data. The data may include sample units selected with unequal probabilities from a clustered and stratified population. Inferences ...

A brief introduction to the technique of Monte Carlo for simulation of statistical physics problems is presented. Ising spin model is taken as an example. The topics covered include random and pseudo random numbers, random sampling techniques, Markov chain, Metropolis algorithm, continuous phase transition, statistical errors from correlated and uncorrelated data, finite size scaling, critical ...

Nationally representative samples of large populations often have complex design features for a variety of reasons (e.g., cost efficiency). For purposes of estimating sampling variances based on complex multi-stage sample designs involving stratification and cluster sampling, the sampling error codes provided by survey organizations in public use survey data files often assume “ultimate cluster...

Designing an efficient sampling scheme for a rare and clustered population is a challenging area of research. Adaptive cluster sampling, which has been shown to be viable for such a population, is based on sampling a neighborhood of units around a unit that meets a specified condition. However, the edge units produced by sampling neighborhoods have proven to limit the efficiency and applicabili...

evidence provided from studies in iran points to a possible bias in application of the standard epi cluster sampling procedure, when carried out in populations with highly variant birth rates, tends to over-represent the low birth rate, i.e. higher socio-economic, strata, and if the entity under study shows significant socio-economic gradient, then the estimates arrived at by this method might ...