studies can be found in two groups of primary and secondary studies. review articles are the most important secondary studies in which the researcher comprehensively surveys published articles in a specific field. however, the deep gap between scientific evidence is an undeniable fact that is probably caused by the large volume of publications. reviewing such a wide variety of publications woul...

critical thinking is necessary to read the scientific literature. however, in addition to questions about the science, often one must also question the meaning of the text. this article provides an example of the analyses needed to understand a single sentence. in so doing, it raises several interesting issues of meaning, measurement, statistical analyses, and the form in which results are pres...

normal 0 false false false en-us x-none ar-sa microsoftinternetexplorer4 introduction: according to role of patient and family education in the process of patient care, joint commission on accreditation of healthcare organizations (jcaho) has considered the patient and family education standards in the hospital accreditation program; on the otherwise conducted researches show that the iran mini...

introduction: the relative costs of generating energy vary considerably depending on location. since hospital managers confront serious financial problems, they need to look for ways to use energy more efficiently. this study aimed to study the rate of energy use (water, gas and electricity) in a number of hospitals in isfahan from 1378 to 1382 and to compare the results with the available stan...

after four years of publishing the iranian national laboratory standard and following a strategic plan to implement its requirements, it was decided to review the taken actions, evaluating the achievements and the failures, as well as analyzing the gaps and planning the interventional activities to resolve the problems. a thorough evaluation revealed that the progress of implementation process ...

Reports on the need for IAS members to serve as volunteers Standards development.