Creep strength enhanced ferritic (CSEF) steels which contain 9 to 12%Cr have become the steels of choice in many industrial high energy systems. The typical compositions of alloy types P91, P92 and E911 are compared with 12CrMoV in Table 1. These steels are selected for use in applications where high temperature creep can occur because of a favorable balance between cost and properties [1,2]. T...

Introduction Typical operating parameters for steels used in the manufacture of power plant are compared against corresponding values for nickel alloys in aeroengines, in Table 1. In both cases, the service conditions are severe. But this is especially so for steels where the service life is many decades. The degree of reliability demanded of heat resistant steels is therefore extraordinary, an...

Strength and toughness are a couple of paradox as similar as strength-ductility trade-off in homogenous materials, body-centered-cubic steels in particular. Here we report a simple way to get ultrahigh toughness without sacrificing strength. By simple alloying design and hot rolling the 5Mn3Al steels in ferrite/austenite dual phase temperature region, we obtain a series of ferrite/martensite la...

The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of alloying elements and thermo-mechanical treatment (TMT) i.e. hot rolling and forging with different reduction ratios on the hardness (HV) and impact toughness (J) of heat-treated low alloy steels. An understanding of the combined effect of TMT and alloying elements and by measuring hardness, impact toughness, resulting from differen...

In real conditions, austenitic stainless steels solidify in non equilibrium and a two phases microstructure of austenite and ferrite is formed 1 . The aim of this work was to investigate the behaviour of both phases at tensile testing, especially to find out an eventual difference in the relaxation of the deformation energy and the effect of the two phases microstructure in workability. To achi...

The paper presents modeling of steels strength characteristics in dependence from their alloying components quantities using neural networks as nonlinear approximation functions. Further, for optimization purpose the neural network models are used. The gradient descent algorithm based on utility function backpropagation through the models is applied. The approach is aimed at synthesis of steel ...

microalloyed cast steels are a group of microalloyed steels in which reliable mechanical properties could be achieved by heat treatment. in this work, the heat treatment processes were carried out on the cast specimens as the step samples by different thicknesses and zr content. the results show that after homogenization, variations in thickness have no effect on the hardness. also, after hea...

Very often, in order to optimized welded constructions, some of their parts are made of heterogeneous steels. For example, microalloyed steels are in use for cars chassis making and high alloyed steels for different constructions making. From that reason, it’s not rare to find welded joints between ferrite microalloyed and austenitic highalloyed steels. As a rule, these joints are welded by usi...

Stainless steels are susceptible to the localized pitting corrosion that leads to a huge loss to our society. Studies in the past decades confirmed that the pitting events generally originate from the local dissolution in MnS inclusions which are more or less ubiquitous in stainless steels. Although a recent study indicated that endogenous MnCr2O4 nano-octahedra within the MnS medium give rise ...