context:in this review, we discuss empirical and stoichiometric models, which have been developed recently in ssf processes and the influence of environmental conditions on the variables of these models. additionally, new studies on modeling of product formation are also mentioned. evidence acquisition:solid-state fermentation (ssf) is recognized as a cheap process for producing many valuable p...

1 Biology Department, Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers University, Camden, NJ, United States, 2 Departamento de Ecología, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 3 Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, Santiago, Chile, 4 The Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, NM, United States, 5 Departamento de Biologia Animal, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadua...

The Li NMR T1 relaxation time is shown to be a very severe criterion for determining the stoichiometry of LiCoO2. When Co3O4 containing minimum impurity level of paramagnetic ions such as Fe or Ni is used as starting material (together with Li2CO3), a T1 value as long as 18 s is obtained but this requires a rather long thermal treatment for complete elimination of excess Li. Such highly stoichi...

The structural integrity of the ubiquitous enzyme copper, zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1) depends critically on the correct coordination of zinc and copper. We investigate here the roles of the stoichiometric zinc and copper ions in modulating the oxidative refolding of reduced, denatured bovine erythrocyte SOD1 at physiological pH and room temperature. Fluorescence experiment results showed t...