Abstract A significant deficiency of most computer models used for stream floodplain analysis is that the locations of structures impacted by floodwaters, such as bridges, roads, and buildings, cannot be effectively compared to the floodplain location. This research presents a straightforward approach for processing output of the HEC-RAS hydraulic model, to enable two- and three dimensional f...

The influence of nanofluid with different wave forms in the presence of inclined asymmetric channel on peristaltic transport of a pseudoplastic fluid is examined. The governing equations for two dimensional and two directional flows of a pseudoplastic fluid along with nanofluid are modeled and then simplified under the assumptions of long wavelength and low Reynolds number approximation. The ex...

In this paper, several error-resiliency techniques are combined with the H.264/AVC (Advanced Video Coding) codec’s switching frames to adaptively switch between video streams, depending on wireless channel conditions. Switching frames are a feature of H.264/AVC that allows smooth transitions between streams without the overhead of periodic intra-coded I-frames. Because video streaming over band...

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have become more and more diversified and are today able to also support high data rate applications, such as multimedia. In this case, per-packet channel handshaking/switching may result in inducing additional overheads, such as energy consumption, delays and, therefore, data loss. One of the solutions is to perform stream-based channel allocation where channel ...

The cyclic prefix system is commonly employed for channel equalization in discrete multitone systems. The system allows one to perform bit and power allocation in the subbands of the channel. In the DMT system, the input symbol stream, typically binary, is parsed into several substreams which are then communicated over different subbands of the channel. In this paper we emphasize that the cycli...

Spectral efficiency is a measure of the performance of channel coding methods. It refers to the ability of a given channel encoding method to utilize bandwidth efficiently. It is defined as the average number of bits per unit of time (bit rate) that can be transmitted per unit of bandwidth (bits per second per Hertz). The term channel encoding refers to the procedure of mapping a bit stream to ...

For the past few decades, analog voiceband modems have been used extensively to carry digital information over the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN). Conventional voiceband modems treat the PSTN as an analog communication channel. However, today’s PSTN is mostly a digital network except for the basic telephone services provided via analog subscriber lines. The conventional model of analo...

After Typhoon Morakot, dredging engineering was conducted while taking the safety of humans and structures into consideration, but partial stream reaches were formed in the multiple-channel sections in Cishan Stream because of anthropogenic and natural influences. This study mainly explores the distribution of each fish species in both the multipleand single-channel sections in the Cishan Strea...

A simple analytic model is presented relating local sediment transport capacity to variance in the transverse shear stress distribution in a stream channel. The model is used to develop a physically based conceptual model for the initiation of meandering in straight, bedloaddominated streams as a result of a feedback mechanism. The feedback maximizes the crosssectional shear stress variance and...