A discretization of the continuous Kalinin-Milyukov-Nash-cascade is performed with the help of state-space analysis for hydrological forecasting of streamflow. A sample-data system approach is used during the discretization and results in discretely coincident values with the continuous model. The sample-data system uses input values measured instantly in time and assumes linear changes in the ...

Timely and reliable flood forecasting is critical for flood warning delivery and emergency response. As core components of an operational forecasting system, hydrological models are typically calibrated using streamflow measurements to minimize parameter uncertainties. The rapid development of earth observation techniques provides opportunities to obtain soil moisture information. As catchment ...

A sample-data system discretization of the continuous Kalinin–Milyukov–Nash cascade is performed in a state-space analysis framework allowing for stream–aquifer interactions that include bank storage during flood events and groundwater discharge to the stream under low-flow conditions. These interactions generally result in faster attenuation of propagating flood waves and in elevated streamflo...

Streamflow forecasting has always been a challenging task for water resources engineers and managers and a major component of water resources system control. In this study, we explore the applicability of a Self Organizing Radial Basis (SORB) function to one-step ahead forecasting of daily streamflow. SORB uses a Gaussian Radial Basis Function architecture in conjunction with the Self-Organizin...

H ydrologic extremes are costly to the nation. Annual U.S. drought and flood damages over the last decade have averaged between $6–$8 and $2 billion, respectively (FEMA 1995). Losses associated with the four-year 2000s drought in the western United States are likely to be in the tens of billions of dollars. To the extent that floods and droughts can be mitigated by management of water stored in...

Operational flood forecasting requires that accurate estimates of the uncertainty associated with modelgenerated streamflow forecasts be provided along with the probable flow levels. This paper demonstrates a stochastic ensemble implementation of the Sacramento model used routinely by the National Weather Service for deterministic streamflow forecasting. The approach, the simultaneous optimizat...