OBJECTIVES Eagle's syndrome is caused by an elongated or mineralised styloid process and characterised by facial and pharyngeal pain, odynophagia and dysphagia. Diagnosis is based on clinical findings. However radiologic imaging, like panoramic radiograph, helps to confirm the diagnosis. There are different treatments of the Eagle's syndrome. Anti-inflammatory medication (carbamazepime, cortico...

BACKGROUND Elongated styloid process syndrome (Eagle's syndrome) is the term given to the symptomatic elongation of the styloid process or the mineralization of the stylohyoid or stylomandibular ligament. The two commonly used approaches for the surgical treatment of this syndrome are the transcervical and transoral approaches. Both have their limitations and specific intraoperative risks. Here...

Background The location of the ulnar styloid process can be confusing because the radius and the hand rotate around the ulna. The purpose of this study was to identify the absolute location of the ulnar styloid process, which is independent of forearm pronation or supination, to use it as a reference for neutral forearm rotation on lateral radiographs of the wrist. Methods Computed tomography...

Styloid process is a part of temporal bone, located anterior to the Stylomastoid foramen and antero-medial to the mastoid process. It measures 2-3 cm in length. An elongated Styloid process is often asymptomatic, unless detected radiologically. An abnormally elongated Styloid process may compress the vital structures like blood vessels and nerves close to it. This can lead to Eagle’s syndrome, ...

The aim of this meta-analysis was to compare the functional outcomes of patients with a distal radius fracture with and without a concomitant fracture of the ulnar styloid process. A systematic literature search was performed to identify all studies comparing patients with a distal radius fracture with and without an ulnar styloid process fracture. The initial search revealed 511 articles, of w...

background orientation of the stylohyoid complex (shc) may be important for evaluation of the patient with orofacial pain or dysphagia. objectives our purpose was to assess the length and angulations of shc using cone beam computed tomography (cbct). patients and methods in this study, 3d images provided by cbct of 69 patients (36 females, 33 males, age range 15-77 years) were retrospectively e...