Aim The principal study objective was to investigate the pharmacokinetic characteristics and determine the absolute bioavailability and tolerability of a new sublingual (SL) buprenorphine wafer. Methods The study was of open label, two-way randomized crossover design in 14 fasted healthy male and female volunteers. Each participant, under naltrexone block, received either a single intravenous...

BACKGROUND Hypoglycemia is a common determining factor of poor prognosis for children with severe malaria in sub-Saharan Africa. Intravenous dextrose administration is rarely available. Oral mucosal delivery may be an alternative to parenteral administration. A randomized, clinical trial was performed in Burkina Faso among moderately hypoglycemic children, comparing sublingual sugar administrat...

A prospective study was conducted in 25 patients with essential hypertension to study the effects of sublingual administration of nifedipine on some renal functions. Glomerular filtration rate was estimated by radioisotope clearance techniques using Tc-99m diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA). The change in urinary excretion of sodium and uric acid were also monitored. A basal estimation...

BACKGROUND The induction of full-term labour in women with a live fetus remains a major challenge in modern obstetrics. OBJECTIVES To determine, using the best level of evidence available, the efficacy and safety of sublingual administration of misoprostol compared with vaginal misoprostol in the third trimester of pregnancy for the induction of labour, according to initial doses, in women wi...

Most infectious agents use mucosal tissues as entry portals, thus, mucosae are frequently defined a first line of defense against pathogens. Mucosal protection generally operates through antibody-mediated and cytotoxic T-cell responses which can be triggered by vaccines. Sublingual vaccination provides many advantages such systemic (both locally at remote sites), besides being needle-free admin...

BACKGROUND In lung transplant recipients (LTRs), tacrolimus is often utilized as a core component of immunosuppressive regimens. Although tacrolimus can be delivered orally or intravenously, oral tacrolimus is associated with fewer adverse effects. Various reports have suggested that sublingual tacrolimus may be used as an alternative to oral tacrolimus; however, information regarding convertin...

PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of sublingual isosorbide-5 mononitrate (ISMN) and nitroglycerin (NTG) on luminal diameter of epicardial coronary arteries, mean arterial pressure and deleterious effects. METHODS Fifty patients were submitted to cardiac catheterization and coronary arteriography, at baseline, and 5 min after sublingual administration of ISMN, group A (GA) or NTG, group B (GB). ...

In Sub-Saharan Africa, intrarectal diazepam is the first-line anticonvulsant mostly used in children. We aimed to assess this standard care against sublingual lorazepam, a medication potentially as effective and safe, but easier to administer. A randomized controlled trial was conducted in the pediatric emergency departments of 9 hospitals. A total of 436 children aged 5 months to 10 years with...

Avian influenza A H5N1 is a virus with pandemic potential. Mucosal vaccines are attractive as they have the potential to block viruses at the site of entry, thereby preventing both disease and further transmission. The intranasal route is safe for the administration of seasonal live-attenuated influenza vaccines, but may be less suitable for administration of pandemic vaccines. Research into no...