Subsurface drainage resulting from irrigated agriculture is a toxic threat to fish and wildlife resources throughout the western United States. Studies by the U.S. Department of the Interior show that migratory waterfowl have been poisoned by drainwater contaminants on at least six national wildlife refuges. Allowing this poisoning to continue is a violation of the Migratory Bird Treaty Act und...

Subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) applies water directly to the crop root zone using buried polyethy­ lene tubing, also known as a dripline, dripperline, or drip tape (Figure 1). Driplines come in varying diam­ eters and thicknesses in order to maintain acceptable irrigation uniformity for different field lengths. Smaller diameter driplines are used when short lateral lengths are required. As la...

optimal use of water resources is essential to decrease cost and maximize available water resources. subsurface drip irrigation can increase irrigation and water use efficiency. this irrigation method distributes water into the soil, leaving the surface of the soil dry and decreasing evaporation. in the design of subsurface drip irrigation (sdi) systems, the dimensions of the wetted onion deter...

Quantifying the local crop response to irrigation is important for establishing adequate irrigation management strategies. This study evaluated the effect of irrigation applied with subsurface drip irrigation on field corn (Zea mays L.) evapotranspiration (ETc), yield, water use efficiencies (WUE = yield/ETc, and IWUE = yield/irrigation), and dry matter production in the semiarid climate of wes...

This research is a study on the relationship of irrigation water treatments and soil moisture distribution uniformity (DU). Soil moisture distribution was based on long-term data sets that were collected during wet and dry soil conditions (from permanent wilting point to field capacity) using a novel electromagnetic sensor-based platform moving inside subsurface horizontal access-tubes. The irr...

unsustainable harvesting of agricultural water resources in the province of kerman, has caused an annual average of one-meter drop in ground water levels. surface irrigation methods in pistachio trees have low efficiency because of inherent characteristics and its incorrect application, as well as low access to water resource in pistachio regions. therefore under the current critical condition,...