The conventicnal sulfate determination by gravimetrically precipitating barium sulfate is very tedious and time consuming. The present technique uses an ion exchanger so the sulfate can be titrimetrically determined as sulfuric acid. An analysis can be completed in 30 minutes. This method is being used for the routine analysis of sulfate in mixtures of gypsum, anhydrite, calcium oxide, and calc...

A new anion dopant for oligosaccharides is developed for use in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry. Two types of sulfate-attached quasimolecular ions are formed in the negative ion mode when neutral oligosaccharides are doped with dilute H2SO4 solutions. Under mild conditions, i.e., low H2SO4 concentration (approximately 10(-3) M) and threshold laser fluence, a sulfat...

Ion exchange (IEX) resins can remove natural organic matter (NOM) from drinking water sources. However, the IEX system produces a waste brine rich of sodium, chloride, NOM and sulfate. The treatment aims to recover clean solution sodium that be reused regenerate resin. Previous research showed ceramic nanofiltration partially removes brine, but sulfate removal requires additional treatment. Sul...

Ion exchange technology is currently the best for removing nitrate from drinking water. However, problems related to the disposal of spent brine from regeneration of exhausted resins must be overcome so that ion exchange can be applied more widely and economically, especially in small communities. For this purpose, a novel spent brine recycling system using combined biological denitrification a...

Heparan sulfate was purified from rat kidney cortex by a combination of affinity chromatography and ion exchange chromatography, and identified by cellulose acetate electrophoresis. As determined by the equilibrium dialysis method, heparan sulfate has two classes of binding sites for dibekacin and gentamicin, and has one class of binding site for amikacin. From the results of equilibrium dialys...

Regeneration of sulfuric acid and ammonia from ammonium sulfate by bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BMED) coupling with stripping ammonia by air-blowing was studied. The result showed that it was feasible to regenerate sulfuric acid and ammonia from ammonium sulfate solution using this method. Empirical models to describe the ion and water transport behaviors through anion exchange membrane fo...

Uptake of iron and several other minerals into kaiware daikon (Japanese radish sprout) was investigated by changing their supplementary conditions. The supplementation of calcium sulfate (0.1% (w/v), 230 ppm as calcium ion) and iron (III) chloride (0.1% (w/v), 200 ppm as iron ion) in hydroponics promoted the growth of kaiware daikon ca. 1.0-1.5 cm longer than the control group of no additions, ...

This study aimed to determine the antioxidant properties of sulfate monoesters ferulic, caffeic, dihydroferulic and dihydrocaffeic acids, main metabolites chlorogenic acids. These compounds are not commercially available, so they were synthesized in laboratory. The LC-MS/MS analysis allowed for full characterization these derivatives, which has made them reliable standards further research. Pur...

The choice of analogue ion of the mobile phase additive is shown to significantly affect the analysis of quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) in ion-pair reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. A series of bromide-containing and dodecyl-sulfate-containing mobile phase additives are investigated using two QAC probe analytes. In all instances, the quaternary-ammonium-containing mob...

A novel invertebrate gastrointestinal transport mechanism has been shown to couple chloride/sulfate exchange in an electrogenic fashion. In the lobster, Homarus americanus, the hepatopancreas, or digestive gland, exists as an outpocketing of the digestive tract, representing a single cell layer separating the gut lumen and an open circulatory system comprised of hemolymph. Investigations utiliz...